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By studying how the two black holes move around each other, astronomers have been able to convince themselves of the key predictions of Einstein’s theories.
One of those two holes is the real gin: 18 billion times heavier than the Sun; while the other is a little smaller, it is just as heavy “as” 150 million soles.
Scientists have been able to accurately predict the interaction between these two black holes.
In anticipation, they noted that black holes distort space and time, as well as the assumption that a larger hole had a smooth “surface”.
The black hole vaporizer, better known as OJ-287, is 3.5 billion light years from Earth.
Scientists have long known that this system occurs twice every twelve years in a galaxy, a burst of light energy of such magnitude, as if a billion suns began to radiate light simultaneously, all happening in the same galaxy that contains black holes. . .
The most likely explanation for this phenomenon is that smaller objects commonly collide with the gas and dust layer on the accretion disk, heating it to extremely high temperatures.
But this does not happen at regular intervals. Sometimes the brightest episodes in a 12-year cycle occur over a period of one year, and sometimes between 10 and 10 years.
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This points to the complexity of the orbit with which a smaller black hole moves around its companion, which the team of researchers has now been able to present in the form of a highly sophisticated model.
“The orbit of the smallest black holes is subject to precession (change of direction). This is the reason for the different intervals between the radiations,” explains Professor Mauri Valtonen of the Finnish University of Turku.
“In 1996, we had a model that more or less predicted what was going to happen. But now we have only been able to refine it,” he tells the BBC.
One of the important parameters of the supplemented model is the energy that radiates from the system in the form of gravitational waves. These waves that cause the distortion of space and time, as predicted by Einstein’s theory of relativity, are generated by bodies that move with acceleration.
In situations involving giant-scale bodies, such as OJ 287, waves have a significant impact on the operation of the system.
A major test of the latest model was performed on July 31, 2019, when the last flashing light was observed within 2.5 hours after the time the equations were overlooked.
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The Spitzer, which is no longer in use, was the only telescope through which scientists were able to observe such changes.
Fortunately, the event was filmed by NASA’s Space Infrared Space Telescope. As it turned out, OJ 287 was “behind” the Sun relative to Earth at the time, so it remained out of sight of Earth objects.
Spitzer, which is about 160 million miles from Earth on the other side of the sun, was in the correct position to record events.
“When I first checked the visibility of OJ 287, I was surprised to find that Spitzer had caught the peak of the radiation, just the day we predicted that radiation would occur,” says Dr. Sepo Lane, a scientist at the California Institute of Technology. (USA). ) and a member of the scientific team analyzing the Spitzer images.
“She was extremely fortunate that, with the help of Spitzer, we were able to capture the highlights of this glow, because no other instrument man has yet devised has been able to achieve something like this at the right time.”
Another scientific assumption that turned out to be accurate is the details of the physical characteristics of the larger black hole. More specifically, its rotations.
Scientists, including the late Stephen Hawking, have developed what is known as the “bald” black hole theorem. Basically it says that the surface, that is, the event horizon of a black hole along its axis of rotation is symmetrical: it has no lumps and no bulge.
Observation of DO 287 is said to be the best proof of the baldness theorem. If there were serious irregularities, the estimated time would not coincide with the calculated as it is.
Professor Ahamvedu Gopakumar from the Tata Institute for Fundamental Research in India worked to add a gravitational wave to the model along with elementary student Lankeswar Dey.
The professor spoke of his “delight” when he saw Spitzer’s data. Now he expects the OJ 287 to be captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), which took the first image of the black hole last year.
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