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The percentage of the Brazilian population over 20 years old considered obese doubled between 2003 and 2019, according to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
The most recent data, published on Wednesday (21), indicate that, last year, 26.8% of Brazilians in this age group were considered obese, while the percentage was 12.2% 16 years ago.
In the period, the prevalence of female obesity went from 14.5% to 30.2%, while that of men went from 9.6% to 22.8%.
The data are part of the second edition of the National Health Survey (PNS), which investigated two points: the prevalence of obesity among the population and the profile of those who attended primary care services in 2019 in the Unified Health System (THEIR).
The survey was conducted by approximately 1,200 IBGE interviewers who were expected to visit more than 108,000 homes in 2,167 municipalities. It was carried out in association with the Ministry of Health and in association with the International Labor Organization (ILO).
In the case of the obesity comparison between 2003 and 2019, the IBGE considered previous editions of another survey, the Family Budget Survey (POF), which covers the aforementioned period.
The IBGE classification was based on the BMI or Body Mass Index of the respondents, in which weight in kilograms is calculated based on height in meters.
For example, a 1.70 meter person weighing 70 kg would do the following count to reach their BMI: 70 divided by 1.70 = 41.17, and then divide this number again by 1.70 and reach a BMI of 24, 22.
BMIs between 25 and 29.9 are considered indicators of overweight, while values between 30 and 39.9 are obesity and, above 40, severe obesity.
Dra. Ana Escobar Ensino calculate or BMI
IBGE published the first edition of the PNS between 2014 and 2015. At that time, the survey showed that 20.8% of Brazilians were obese.
In this new edition, that of 2020, the number rises to 25.7%. In other words, 1 in 5 people had a BMI over 30, and now the ratio is 1 in 4 people.
Current research shows that, in relation to gender, 29.5% of women and 21.8% of men were classified as obese last year. Obesity was observed in 6.7% of adolescents: 8% in women and 5.4% in men.
Overweight in 60% of the population
The survey also shows what percentage of the population is not considered obese, but is overweight or overweight.
In total, in 2019, 60.3% of the population aged 18 or over (96 million people), 62.6% of women and 57.5% of men were considered overweight, according to the IBGE .
Also according to the survey, overweight was also present in 19.4% of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old, 22.9% of girls and 16% of boys.
Fight against obesity day: two out of ten Brazilians are obese
Regarding the profile of Brazilians who attended Primary Health Care (PHC) services in 2019, IBGE points out that:
- 94.4% did not have health insurance
- 69.9% were women
- 60.9% were black or brown
- 53.8% had no occupation (work)
- 64.7% had per capita family income below a minimum wage
- 32.3% were in the range of 1 to 3 minimum wages
The Ministry of Health defines primary health care as the “first level of care.” It is the main gateway to the SUS, which must receive the patient for specific referrals and ensure prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, harm reduction and maintenance of individual and collective health.
