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The Pension Reform, which took effect in 2019, established stricter rules for granting retirement benefits. The option to withdraw by contribution time, for example, it ceased to exist. In addition, the National Institute of Social Security (INSS) began to require a minimum age to apply for the benefit.
Previously, any taxpayer who reached the minimum contribution time, regardless of age, could apply for retirement. In the case of men, it was necessary to contribute at least 35 years. For women, the time required was 30 years.
In addition, retirement in this mode was divided into three rules: contribution time without points; progressive points and proportional. However, the rules have changed. Now, to retire without meeting the new requirements, policyholders will have to fit into one of the transition rules. See the changes!
Retirement without qualification
Before the Reform, it was enough for the Social Security taxpayer to prove the minimum time required to request retirement due to seniority. In addition, it was necessary to meet the grace period of 180 contributions to qualify for the benefit.
- Men: 35 years of contribution
- Women: 30 years of contribution
However, that option no longer exists. Therefore, only those who had the vested right until November 13, 2019, the date of publication of the new rules, can still request the benefit according to the above requirements.
The INSS established that men must be at least 65 years old and women 62 years old to retire. Except when they fall under one of the transition rules.
Progressive withdrawal of points
In this case, the insured had to reach a certain number of points, calculated with the sum of the age and the contribution time, to be entitled to retire. Therefore, it was necessary to complete 86 points (women) and 96 points (men). The so-called Formula 86/96.
The above rules are only valid for those who met the requirements before the reform takes effect. For other policyholders, the required figures are now 105 for men and 100 for women. However, to make the change less impactful on current taxpayers, a transition rule has been created.
In 2020, for example, the required score is 97 points for men, with at least 35 years of contribution. Women must achieve 87 points, with at least 30 years of contribution. It is worth mentioning, however, that the minimum score also increases each year to 100/105 for women and men, respectively.
Proportional retirement
This type of benefit considers factors such as the minimum age, the contribution period and the additional contribution period. Check the requirements below:
- Minimum age
- Men: 53 years
- Women: 48 years
- Total contribution time
- Men: 30 years of contribution + additional time
- Women: 25 years of contribution + additional time
In addition, the insured must comply with the grace period of 180 monthly contributions. The social security factor (a mathematical formula that involves age, life expectancy and contribution time) is also mandatory in the calculation.
However, proportional retirement expired in 1998, with Constitutional Amendment 20/98. However, according to the transition rules, taxpayers affiliated with the General Social Security Regime (RGPS) until December 16, 1998 are entitled to the benefit in this line.
Retirement calculation
Retirement by contribution period can be calculated in three ways: full, proportional and rule applied to teachers. But to understand how the calculation is carried out, it is necessary to know concepts such as benefit salary (SB) and social security factor.
The benefit salary is the amount calculated by the INSS and that the insured will receive as retirement, for the entire month. The rules vary for each type of benefit. In the case of retirement by contribution period, for example, the SB is calculated by averaging the highest contributions or by applying the minimum divisor.
The social security factor is a number that reduces benefits. Thus, the younger the retiree, the higher the social security factor. The factor is calculated using a formula that considers the following elements:
- 0.31 fixed rate
- Worker’s age
- Time of contribution to Social Security
- Life expectancy of the insured on the retirement date according to the IBGE table.
To calculate the retirement for the full contribution time, just find out the amount of the benefit salary. Also, apply the social security factor to it.
Proportional retirement is obtained by multiplying 70% of the SB by the social security factor. Then, 5% is added for each additional year of contribution to the minimum time required by law.
Finally, the contribution-time retirement of teachers is calculated in the same way as the full-time pension. The only change is the reduction of 5 years in the minimum collection time and the addition of 5 years (for teachers) and 10 years (for teachers) in the scale of the table of social security factors.
Also read: INSS: See how to increase retirement without going to court
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