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The Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) increased the expectation of vaccinating Brazilians against the coronavirus after the announcement of effectiveness published by AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford. According to the institution, the forecast is to vaccinate 65 million Brazilians in the first half of next year and another 65 million in the second half of 2021. Fiocruz expects to begin vaccination between the end of February and the beginning of March.
The 30% increase in the scope of the vaccine occurs because the strategy that has proven to be most effective is to use a half dose – and not a full dose – in the first stage. The Oxford vaccine was administered in two different ways: in the first, the volunteers received a half dose and, a month later, a full dose. In this group of volunteers, the effectiveness was 90%. In the second group, which received two full doses of the vaccine, the efficacy was reduced to 62%.
“What makes us more optimistic is that this 90% effective protocol brings a gain in performance because the first dose will be with a smaller amount of the vaccine. And this has a very significant impact because it allows the number of people who will receive it to grow by 30% ”, says Marco Krieger, vice president of Production and Innovation in Health at Fiocruz.
However, the production of the immunizer by Fiocruz and the application of the vaccine still depend on the approval of the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (Anvisa). AstraZeneca reported that it is preparing to immediately present the effectiveness results to regulatory agencies around the world, including Anvisa.
According to Krieger, 200 million doses were expected to be produced to vaccinate 100 million people in Brazil next year. “We will be able to produce 260 million doses and vaccinate 130 million Brazilians (in 2021),” says Krieger. The strategy to prioritize who will receive the vaccine is still being defined, but it is likely that the most vulnerable people, such as the elderly and health professionals, will be prioritized.
However, starting vaccination is not ruled out in regions of Brazil that have a high number of infected people at the time the immunizer is available. “The vaccine can be used to reduce the spread of the disease (in a certain region), but today, with the spread of the disease throughout the country, it tends to (apply) in the most vulnerable populations, health professionals. health and gradually it expanded in a very significant way, ”says Krieger.
He considers that even the 65 million vaccinated in the first semester will contribute to reducing the spread of the disease in the country, two doses will be applied. The first will have less immunization. The second full dose will be applied 28 days later.
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