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The new coronavirus can attack most of the body’s organs, not just the lungs and heart, as previously thought. Therefore, the infection affects the blood vessels, kidneys, intestines, eyes, and brain. The SARS-COV2 virus acts completely differently compared to any other pathogen known so far, writes g4media, cited in the journal Science.
The new coronavirus enters the human body through the throat, eyes, or nose; The surface of the cells inside the nose is rich in the Ace2 receptor, being the main door that the virus uses to invade human cells, where the mentioned source multiplies and transmits.
Once the virus begins to send copies of it to the body’s cells, the infected person can spread it by remaining asymptomatic or showing symptoms such as fever, dry cough, sore throat, loss of taste and smell, muscles, and headache.
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If the immune system cannot reject the virus at this early stage, it can start attacking the lungs causing pneumonia. One of the serious complications of COVID-19 infection is acute respiratory distress syndrome, where the level of oxygen in the blood drops dramatically, breathing becomes increasingly difficult. This leads, in most cases, to death.
The main organs affected by COVID-19
An overreaction of the immune system, called a “cytokine storm” (the molecules that guide the healthy immune response), causes the attack on healthy cells. As a result, blood vessels deteriorate, blood pressure drops, clots form, and eventually the body can fail.
Neither the blood vessels nor the heart escape the attack of the coronavirus. A Brescia woman was hospitalized with specific symptoms of the heart attack, but it turned out that they were caused by the new coronavirus. COVID-19 infection can cause clotting problems and arrhythmias. Ischemia in the fingers and toes, pain and tissue necrosis have also been reported.
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The virus’s ability to attack blood vessels would explain why patients with cardiovascular disease, such as diabetes or high blood pressure, are at greater risk.
At the same time, the new coronavirus can attack the intestine, where Ace2 receptors abound, but also the liver. It can also affect the kidneys and the brain, as seen in cases of encephalitis, seizures, loss of consciousness and smell, and in cases of stroke in patients confirmed with COVID-19.
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