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This article is over a month old and may contain outdated advice from authorities on coronary heart disease.
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– For Norway, we are talking about the delivery of several hundred thousand doses in January. And at least two to two and a half million doses during the first trimester, Sweden’s vaccine coordinator Richard Bergström tells NRK.
Bergström is optimistic when he meets with NRK in central Stockholm today. Sweden is responsible for Norway’s access to coronary vaccines through agreements between drug manufacturers and the EU Commission.
– There is a certain degree of flexibility in the agreements. I receive instructions from Norway on how to negotiate with the EU on their behalf, he says.
Richard Bergström is therefore the most important link between the Norwegian authorities and vaccine suppliers.
– It is important that everyone prepare now, because now it is … “now it is happening,” he says. And it says Sweden plans to be ready for the vaccine as soon as the New Year’s weekend is over.
Given that the vaccines now at the forefront of the trial must be administered in two doses, this means that up to 1,250,000 Norwegians can expect to be vaccinated by the end of March next year.
Almost the entire risk group vaccinated before Easter
PRODUCTION: Norway can expect 2.5 million doses of vaccines already in the first quarter of next year.
Photo: ANDREW CABALLERO-REYNOLDS / AFP
The Norwegian Institute of Public Health has previously estimated that around 1.3 million Norwegians are at risk of developing serious illness if they become infected with the coronavirus. A committee of experts in medical ethics concluded in November that this group should have priority in vaccination. Unless there is a violent outbreak in Norway, priority should be given to health personnel.
Thus, almost everyone in the risk group can be vaccinated during the first quarter of 2021.
Bergström also says that it is not the case that the Swedes get the vaccine for both countries and then distribute a certain percentage to Norway. The vaccines will be delivered directly to the Norwegian Institute of Public Health by the manufacturers.
– No. The vaccine does not physically arrive in Sweden first, it comes directly from the manufacturer. We expect to receive deliveries from 2-3 vaccine manufacturers in January and February. Since then, we expect two more manufacturers to be able to deliver in April. And the next six months we will see even more.
Planning for minus 70
There are several uncertainties associated with initial doses of vaccine. Especially the vaccine from the manufacturer Pfizer-BioNTech, which probably needs to be stored at temperatures as low as minus 70 degrees. Logistical challenges are some of the most demanding for Bergström,
– The vaccine that will likely come first, the one from Pfizer, has some challenges on the transportation side. But now a smart solution has been found with a box, which makes it possible to transport the vaccine over long distances. This is especially a challenge for Norway and Sweden, which are elongated countries with long distances. But it’s just a matter of planning.
FIRST: The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is expected to be the first to arrive in Norway. Richard Bergström believes he has discovered the challenges of storing it at minus 70 degrees during transportation and storage.
Photo: DADO RUVIC / Reuters
And the Moderna vaccine, which probably comes right after Pfizer, is not as unstable and therefore can be transported in the refrigerator. So you need to take that into account as well when choosing which vaccines to use and where.
– So maybe the Pfizer vaccine should be used in big cities and Moderna in smaller cities and towns?
– Possibly. But the Norwegian authorities have to take responsibility for this.
Promising UK
News also came today that the UK authorities have approved the use of a coronary vaccine and will begin vaccination from next week.
– That the UK has approved the vaccine is promising. These are our former colleagues who have approved the vaccine with the same documentation that the EU uses, so it is now very likely that the EU will make the same decision, says Bergström.
– But why can the UK decide faster than the EU?
– It is because the EU is made up of 27 countries. Britain can agree with itself a little more easily. In the EU, there is not much debate or disagreement, but everyone should have confidence in this process. It may take a few more weeks.
Norway is ready
Infection Control Director Geir Bukholm of the National Institute of Public Health confirmed in mid-November that they planned to start vaccination over the New Year. At the same time, a plan is also being worked on for the order in which the vaccination will be carried out. confirms that they plan to start vaccination at best during the New Year.
READY: FHI Director of Infection Control Geir Bukholm has confirmed that Norway will be ready to start vaccination right around the New Year.
Photography: Stian Lysberg Solum / Stian Lysberg Solum
– We will have it in mind. We will be ready and prepared for vaccination starting in January, and we will also have a prioritization order of the first doses to come then, Bukholm told NRK on November 19.
It is also estimated that those at the highest risk of serious illness and death will receive the vaccine first.
AstraZeneca, University of Oxford
The corona vaccine developed at the University of Oxford prevents the symptoms of COVID-19 in 70 percent of cases.
The AZD1222 vaccine is based on the monkey ChAdOx1 virus. This virus is modified so that it cannot make copies of itself, so it does not lead to disease. The researchers also changed the virus to carry additional information. The additional information causes your body to produce the so-called “spike protein” of the coronavirus.
What happens is the following: You get the vaccine in your body. The vaccine virus enters your cells. Inside cells, the production system discovers the additional information. Many copies of the “spike protein” are made. These copies are secreted by cells. Your immune system detects these proteins. An immune response is triggered. Antibodies against the coronavirus are produced and the immune system remembers that it is something to react to.
You have been vaccinated.
Biontech, Fosun Pharma and Pfizer
The German pharmaceutical company BioNTech reports that their coronary vaccine has been shown to be 95 percent effective. The UK will start vaccinating in December.
The BNT162b2 vaccine relies on your body’s system for building things. The vaccine is just building instructions for the cells. The instructions are based on the same codes that cells use all the time for this purpose. These are called mRNA or “messenger ribonucleic acid.”
What happens is the following:
The vaccine is injected into your body. The information from the vaccine reaches the machines in the cells that make proteins. These machines build copies of the so-called “spike protein” of the coronavirus. These proteins are secreted by cells and detected by the immune system. The immune system reacts in the same way as if the real coronavirus had entered the body. Antibodies are produced and the immune system remembers that the coronavirus is something else to react to.
You have been vaccinated.
Johnson and Johnson
The vaccine is in phase 3 of development.
Ad26 vaccine. COV2.S is based on the ad26 virus. It is a cold virus that circulates among humans. This is the virus that has been modified by researchers so that it cannot cause disease in humans. It also carries an extra gene, a bit of extra information. The extra information causes your body to produce the so-called “spike protein” of the coronavirus.
What happens is the following:
You get the vaccine in your body. The vaccine virus enters your cells. Inside cells, the production system discovers the additional information. Many copies of the “spike protein” are made. These copies are secreted by cells. Your immune system detects these proteins. An immune response is triggered. Antibodies against the coronavirus are produced and the immune system remembers that it is something to react to.
You have been vaccinated.
Novavax with partners
Novavax expects results in early 2021.
The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is based on what are called nanoparticles. These are microscopic structures. The Novavax vaccine has nanoparticles that are primarily an extract from the Quillaja saponaria plant. This extract is used in much of the world as a food additive, but it also has medicinal properties. In addition, the vaccine particles are made up of cholesterol and fatty acids. The particles also carry the “spike protein” of the coronavirus. These nails are produced in genetically modified yeast cells and are added to the particles in the production process.
What happens is the following:
The vaccine works in two ways. Nanoparticles make your immune system react better and spike proteins make the immune system react as if a real coronavirus has entered the body.
You have been vaccinated.
Modern
US Health Secretary Alax Azar says that the coronary vaccine at Pfizer and Moderna can be approved and distributed in a few weeks.
The mRNA-1273 vaccine relies on your body’s system for building things. The vaccine is just building instructions for the cells. The instructions are based on the same codes that cells use all the time for this purpose. These are called mRNA or “messenger ribonucleic acid.”
What happens is the following:
The vaccine is injected into your body. The information from the vaccine reaches the machines in the cells that make proteins. These machines build copies of the so-called “spike protein” of the coronavirus. These proteins are secreted by cells and detected by the immune system. The immune system reacts in the same way as if the real coronavirus had entered the body. Antibodies are produced and the immune system remembers that the coronavirus is something else to react to.
You have been vaccinated.
In this phase, the vaccine is given to a small group of young, healthy people to see if the immune system responds. Researchers are also investigating whether it causes powerful and perhaps dangerous side effects. Also, based on the results, it is estimated how much vaccine should be administered.
In this phase, the vaccine is given to a larger group that is made up more broadly. The aim is to find variations in the response of the immune system and more data on side effects and the most reasonable amount of vaccine.
In this phase, it is investigated if the vaccine provides protection against the disease and if it causes more rare side effects. Several thousand people receive the vaccine and several thousand people receive a sham vaccine. Nobody knows who gets what. This is to ensure good scientific data.
The vaccine is ready for distribution.
The vaccine is approved for use in the EU and Norway.
