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Global warming is, according to the latest estimates, much faster than previously thought, which is a threatening message for billions of inhabitants of the planet. Scientists have already estimated that as global warming increases, life-threatening weather events increase.
As the Lawrence Livermore scientists explain, to accurately calculate the processes of climate change, it is necessary to rely on clearly defined laws of physics, that is, to measure the temperature-humidity relationship. However, according to the authors of the latest study, most of the satellite climate models developed so far did not link this relationship: temperature and humidity.
“This means that the satellite data for temperature or humidity measurements were inaccurate,” said study leader Ben Santer, a climate scientist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
According to him, it is currently difficult to name which of the measurements (temperature or humidity) is more accurate, but analysis of the available data allowed for a more precise evaluation of the various observational data sets. Especially those with the lowest values of ocean surface warming and that do not coincide with other independent measurement variables.
Scientists say that measurements made so far, which show the least warming of the atmosphere, are the least reliable.
Arctic Ocean
The study authors compared the values of four proportions: tropical sea surface with tropical water vapor, lower troposphere temperature with tropical water vapor, middle and upper troposphere temperature with tropical water vapor, and middle troposphere temperature. and high with the temperature of the tropical sea surface.
These calculation data were studied according to the basic laws of physics, that is, the ratio of humidity and heat. This means considering that heating humid air requires much more energy than dry air because humidity absorbs heat energy.
In addition, warmer air also has more humidity than cold air.
The researchers found that, to date, monitoring changes in the atmosphere based on satellite data has been fairly straightforward – that is, capturing the specific temperature and humidity. Therefore, a rather broad and inaccurate picture was presented. Therefore, only by analyzing the relationship between temperature and humidity in the atmosphere, based on the strict laws of physics in the atmosphere, can a real picture be formed.
This means that data sets that analyze the humidity-heat relationship are more accurate, the researchers reported in the Journal of Climate.
© Photo by NASA
The researchers concluded that the data sets, which were collected based on the relationship between water vapor and temperature in the atmosphere, also showed the greatest warming of the ocean surface and the troposphere.
However, scientists have yet to figure out which satellite data they collected was wrong: the humidity in the atmosphere or the temperature.
This latest study and data analysis should also help scientists track historical global warming data more accurately. “Additional measurement comparisons can help reveal the reliability of different previous data sets,” said Stephen Po-Chedle, a co-author of the study.
The study was published in the Journal of Climate: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/aop/JCLI-D-20-0768.1/JCLI-D-20-0768.1.xml
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