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This year, two scientists received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna.
These scientists have developed one of the most precise tools for genetic engineering: CRISPR-cas9 gene editing technology. This technology of correctly interrupted concentrated short palindromic repeats – with certain “scissors” – can remove mutated genes from animals, plants and microorganisms and replace them with repaired genes.
Virginijus Šikšnys, a researcher at Vilnius University, who carried out similar research and did a lot in this field, was not among the winners.
In 2018, prof. V. Šikšnys became the winner of the Kavli Prize for the discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, or the so-called “genetic scissors”. The award was shared by two professors of technology development, the Max Planck Institute (Germany) and Nobel Prize-winning professors Emmanuelle Charpentier and Professor Jennifer Doudna from the University of California, Berkeley (USA).
E. Charpentier is currently head of the pathogen research department at the Max Planck Institute in Germany, and JA Doudna is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley.
The CRISPR / Cas9 scissors have revolutionized the life sciences and allowed scientists to discover new ways to raise plants. This method of genome editing has also contributed to innovative cancer treatments and may one day cure cures.
E. Charpentier and JA Doudna studied the immune system of streptococcal bacteria and discovered a molecular tool that allows precise and precise incision of genetic material and a relatively easy modification of the code of life itself: genes.
Naturally, CRISPR / Cas9 scissors separate DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and JA Doudna have shown that this tool can be controlled and used to edit DNA molecules.
The winners of the Literature and Peace Prizes, respectively, will be announced on Thursday and Friday, and Nobel Prize Week will end on Monday, October 12, with the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Economics.
Predicting the winners of the Nobel Prize is particularly difficult, since the awarding bodies do not publish the names of the nominees for 50 years after the award.
The prestigious award consists of a gold medal and 10 million. Swedish crowns (959 thousand euros).
BREAKING NEWS:
2020 #Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna “for the development of a method for genome editing.” pic.twitter.com/CrsnEuSwGD– The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) October 7, 2020
In 2019, scientists John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, and Akira Yoshino received the Nobel Prize for Achievement in Chemistry for inventing lithium-ion batteries and improving technology. Goodenough, 97, is the oldest chemistry Nobel laureate in history.
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