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Modenaga ERA? It’s a bit high, but it’s not a significant difference.
The principle of the two vaccines is the same, the difference in storage temperature is the difference in ‘packaging technology’
Modena announced the interim results of the phase 3 clinical trials of the COVID-19 vaccine. It has been a week since Pfizer announced the interim results. In particular, the Modena vaccine is known to have greater preventive effects than the Pfizer vaccine and can be stored for about a month even under refrigeration, raising expectations. Experts say the vaccines from both companies are giving encouraging results, but vague expectations should be avoided.
Moderna announced on the 16th (local time) that it had managed to show 94.5% of the provisional results of the phase 3 clinical trial of the Corona 19 vaccine in development. According to Modena, 95 of the 30,000 people who participated in the clinical trial had cases of infection and only 5 of them received the real vaccine. This is over 90% advertised by Pfizer.
However, experts advised against falling into the numbers trap. Although the defense efficacy of modders or vaccines is numerically higher than that of Pfizer, it is not a significant difference.
Nam Jae-hwan, professor in the Department of Life Medical Sciences at the Catholic University, said: “The fact that Modena defends itself against Corona 19 virus infection with 94% efficiency is actually from the group that received the placebo and 5 from the group that received the actual vaccine. It became a percentage. ”“ The fact that Pfizer announced that it had achieved an effect of more than 90% was converted based on the results of a survey of 94 infected patients among clinical participants. In fact, the two figures are not very significant academically ”.
The experts pointed out that we should not pay too much attention to the number of efficiency of the defense itself. The efficiency of the defense can change as much as possible in the final result.
Professor Nam said: “The 94% and 90% figures can change as much as possible from the final result,” said Professor Nam. In the future, depending on the additional patients reported, the protective efficacy of the final vaccine will be different “.
On the other hand, experts say that Modena has certainly mastered the ease of storage.
Both the Pfizer and Modena vaccines are mRNA vaccines. By putting the gene that contains the information of the peak protein of the virus in our body, it induces the generation of antigens and the reaction of antibodies.
However, mRNA has the fatal disadvantage that it is very vulnerable to the surrounding environment, such as temperature or chemicals. Furthermore, there are numerous enzymes that degrade RNA in our body, and the mRNA must be protected from these enzymes before the injected vaccine leads to the production of antibodies.
For this reason, when making an mRNA vaccine, the mRNA molecule is wrapped in LNP (not lipid particles). Professor Nam said: “The principle that LNP protects mRNA is similar to that of soap” and “LNP envelops mRNA like soap forms micelles. It’s a kind of protective film. “
Unlike Pfizer’s, Modena’s vaccine is known to be refrigerated, raising the expectations of many people. The previously announced Pfizer vaccine had the disadvantage of having to be stored at -70 degrees Celsius. On the other hand, the Modena vaccine can be stored for up to 30 days at 2-8 degrees of video, and up to 6 months at -20 degrees, the company explained.
Professor Nam said, “The difference between the two companies’ vaccines ultimately depends on which part of the viral mRNA was selected and what type of LNP was used when wrapping the mRNA with LNP.” “Neither company disclosed the technology in detail. Therefore, it is not possible to know exactly, but it seems that Modena has ensured a little more ease of storage than Pfizer in the selection of LNP. “
He added: “However, Pfizer is also aware of this problem.” He added: “We are aware that we have already provided additional information on maintaining vaccine quality based on storage temperature to regulatory agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).”
Meanwhile, experts predicted that even if the final results of the phase 3 clinical trial were announced, it would not significantly interfere with the release of the vaccine. This is because there is a high possibility of obtaining an emergency use permit based on intermediate results.
Professor Nam said: “In accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), we know that clinical trials will continue until more than 150 vaccinated patients emerge. The important thing is that the FDA has stated that the vaccine will be approved for emergency use even if the vaccine is only 50% effective on clinical outcomes. “Currently, more than 90 patients in both Modena and Pfizer were on placebo. In the future, even if the rest of the patients come from the group treated with the vaccine, the effect of the vaccine will unconditionally exceed 50% ”.
“It looks like there will be no obstacle to the big trend,” he said. “However, it will take a little time because we have to check if it is safe.” Before rush-use approval, we observe for about two months after the last vaccination to check for vaccine side effects. If no serious side effects occur at this time, emergency use will be approved. “
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