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Completely development is the process of its preparation Healthcare system for vaccination of vulnerable population groups, as oncology patients, the have respiratory diseases, the asthma sufferers etc.
During an online information session held at the initiative of Mr. Κωνσταντίνου Νικ. Συρίγου (Professor of Pathology and Oncology) and Ms. G.αρυφαλλιάς Πουλάκου (Assistant Professor of Pathology-Infectious Diseases) and the participation of the scientific staff of the 3rd University Clinic of Pathology of the Faculty of Medicine of the National Kapodistria University of Athens (EKPA) provided useful clarifications for five categories of vulnerable groups and the S vaccine -2 against CoV.
Particularly:
– Patients with (COPD) COVID-19 patients are at increased risk of severe illness, intensive care unit (ICU), and death and should be treated with get vaccinated without any interruption in your treatment regimen.
– Asthma patients they do not have an increased risk of COVID-19 disease or increased risk of death associated with COVID-19 disease. Patients with asthma must maintain constant treatment, especially inhaled corticosteroids.
– Patients with neoplastic diseases They are a large, mixed bag and need special instructions. Those who receive chemotherapy They are considered to be at high risk of developing a serious COVID-19 infection and should be vaccinated as a priority.
– Vaccines using mRNA technology are safe in immunosuppressed patients, While Vaccines containing inactivated live organisms are contraindicated in immunosuppressed individuals.. Immunosuppressed patients may not be able to develop a good immune response. This is not a contraindication as the vaccine can provide some degree of protection. Data in immunosuppressed patients are limited and therefore no guidelines exist yet. Long-term experience with the administration of influenza vaccine can be used as a model.
– Patients receiving immunomodulatory agents, including biologic therapies, there are currently insufficient data to draw safe conclusions. In these patients, the safety of vaccines must be weighed against the risk of a poor outcome after SARS-CoV-2 disease. Experience with existing vaccines makes it possible to achieve reduced immunity rates also with COVID-19 vaccines. Activation of immune reactions and / or exacerbation of the underlying immune disease is considered highly unlikely, based on experience with other vaccines. For these reasons, the aforementioned category of patients has been integrated into the COVID-19 vaccination programs of most countries, as the risk is expected to be much lower than the benefit.
Vaccine efficacy and safety
It is recalled that based on the clinical data available so far, Pfizer / BioNTech (Comirnaty) and Moderna mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines they are already licensed for urgent use. They provide an efficiency of 94.5% and require both transport and storage in deep refrigeration (-70 ° C and -20 ° C respectively).
Allergic reactions seen with the Pfizer / BioNtech vaccine are rare, have been successfully treated, and are attributed to the Polyethylene Glycol component of the vaccine. They are not associated with food allergies.
The vaccine AstraZeneca and Oxford University it has an efficiency of up to 90% and easier distribution conditions than the previous ones.
The Russian vaccine Sputnik-V it has an efficiency of 91.4%, low cost and satisfactory transportation conditions.
Vaccines are generally well tolerated most side effects are mild to moderate in severity and go away in 1 to 2 days. Local reactions were mainly pain. The most common systemic reactions were fatigue and the headache. They occurred more frequently in the youngest than in the elderly (> 55 years) vaccinated and were more frequent after the second dose. Serious systemic reactions were reported in less than 2%.
Fear and hesitation about new vaccines
As the participants in the scientific event pointed out, Fear of side effects and the rapid production and authorization of vaccines are the main cause of hesitation for vaccines that characterize the majority of those who doubt about vaccination (up to 65% of the population). Hesitation is expressed in similar percentages of medical personnel. The true anti-vaccine population does not exceed 10%.
The mRNA vaccines do not affect or interact with human DNA in any way. Long-term data on the safety of the vaccine are unknown and, therefore, the application of universal vaccination will be carried out under close pharmacovigilance.
In conclusion, The vaccines available against SARS-CoV-2 are highly safe and with minimal allergic reactions.. Its administration is strongly recommended to all healthy people, while patients with underlying diseases should also be vaccinated, after first discussing with their doctor the type of vaccine and the period of time to be performed.
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