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Elías Mosialos analyzed mRNA vaccines in a new post, highlighting that they cannot transmit the coronavirus to us, highlighting the “preventive advantage” that those vaccinated with them will have.
The LSE professor also explained how vaccines of a certain type are administered and how the body responds to the “foreign body” that enters, noting that mRNA vaccines instruct our cells to produce basic components of the coronavirus. like the pins on their surface. Elias Mosialos, through his post, also answers the key question about “which vaccine will be better”, which many ask.
RELEVANT ARTICLES
Elias Mosialos’ post about vaccines against the coronavirus
I’ll start with the important ones.
Vaccines MRNA
they do not transmit the coronavirus to us and do not affect or interact with it
DNA us.
Like other types of COVID-19 vaccines, The ‘mRNA’ vaccines instruct our cells to produce structural parts of the coronavirus, such as the pins (or parts thereof) on its surface.. Certain cells of our immune system recognize this ‘foreign body’ and the complex process of the immune response begins, to explain it but it is typical of the body. That is what happens in natural COVID-19 infection. At the end of the process, our body has learned to protect ourselves from future infections.
The immune response is a complex process that involves many types of cells, energies, and cellular systems. As is the production of the peak by our cells after the vaccine. If we try to simplify entire chapters of biochemistry and immunology (and not only) to explain in 5 lines how we go from the design of a vaccine to its use, it is a fact that many unknown words will arise for non-experts, or many misunderstandings with them. more specialized. However, a simplified interpretation of the phenomenon is as follows:
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are administered systemically, for example in the arm, and encapsulated in a lipid envelope. The information (mRNA) will be inserted into the cells and instructions will be given for the production, for example, of the spike in muscle cells. How is it done and how is it controlled?
Broadly speaking, we can say that the cell has 2 spaces: the nucleus and the space outside the nucleus, the cytoplasm where proteins are made. The mRNA does not enter the nucleus of the cell where our DNA is located.
Further
- The mRNA is degraded after the information-defined protein structure is assembled in the cell.
- Our body has mechanisms to treat and destroy free foreign mRNA.
Once the proteins are produced, the cells break down the assembly instructions. Through specific cellular mechanisms, some cells will bring proteins to their surface and, through the cooperation of many systems (such as the lymphatic and circulatory), these structures will be presented for recognition in the immune system. The immune system has never seen them before and, to finally achieve cellular immunity, it will begin the process of detailed memorization of the protein, e.g. Eg from the beak, and it will be able to attack its vector quickly, that is, the new coronavirus, when it finds it in the future.
Can we feel pain at the injection site? Yes.
Can the vaccine or needles change it? DNA of these cells? No.
Some wonder why they have never heard of mRNA vaccines. These types of vaccines are new, not unknown. And yes, there are currently no other approved mRNA vaccines, but many are in clinical trials for various types of cancer, but also viruses such as influenza, Zika, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Therefore, when the necessary information became available (such as the genetic sequence of the virus and the possible structures of the spike protein), scientists began to use existing platforms and began to design COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The goals were also achieved given the large investments in vaccine development.
What do I mean by using existing platforms?
MRNA is a very sensitive macromolecule. Their introduction into cells and their survival in the intracellular environment is very difficult even with topical administration. At the same time, there are technical problems that may arise from the characteristics of the information that needs to be transferred. Another difficulty arises from whether we want to approach healthy tissue or diseased tissue (as in mRNA vaccines for cancer). Optimization of the systemic delivery of targeted information, through an mRNA vaccine, was achieved with interdisciplinary approaches. We have seen this with new vaccines, where the mRNA is encapsulated in a cell-friendly lipid envelope developed using the know-how of using nanoparticles.
Therefore, the success of mRNA vaccines is significant and multidimensional, and the solution is interdisciplinary, as researchers have addressed many of these challenges for decades.
Many wonder which vaccine would be the best.
The main benefit of mRNA vaccines, like all vaccines, is that those who have been vaccinated gain a preventive advantage and are protected against infection without risking the serious consequences of COVID-19 disease.
This question still has no answer, because even if we had all the results of the clinical trials in our hands, the design of each study is different. For example, we do not have the same number of participants or the same number of age groups. However, we are concerned about the transparency of clinical trials, the safety and the high efficiency of vaccines.
Safety and efficacy are judged by data obtained from clinical trials, which are peer-reviewed. These data are published in scientific journals and published for regulatory review so that vaccines can be approved for authorization.
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