[ad_1]
It is a fact that war forces immediate solutions, reacting to events that gallop and defy well-designed plans on paper.
For this reason, not infrequently in the history of war secret military plans are captured and executed in pi and fi, insisting on the here and now and ignoring the broader long-term consequences.
One of them was Operation Connector, which operated between 1945-1959 and turned the United States into an unprecedented Nazi paradise. That is, German scientists directly affiliated with the party or collaborators of the regime.
The United States became a safe haven for them, as it now had a new war to wage, although not declared. Cold War they told him and the Americans had to take the lead at all costs.
This was notorious even in the days of Operation Paperclip, a top-secret American intelligence program designed to bring the brightest minds of the Nazi apparatus to the country to join the service of space conquest and the battle with the USSR.
And they caught sea bass, because it was essentially these scientists who made powerful world landmarks, like the moon. Apollo 11!
For this to happen, of course, the Americans buried all notions of morality and law deeply. The records of Nazi scientists (criminals or simply accomplices) have disappeared from the face of the earth to work secretly for the superpower.
The question that remains to be asked is whether the United States was justified in its decision to pardon war criminals in exchange for political advantage.
After the defeat of the Nazi threat of World War II, a new battle would begin. And this time not a single bullet would fall …
How the business was organized
Immediately after its end Second World WarAs the people glorified the allies for the triumph against the Nazi tyrant, they were busy with the next day. And the truth is that each of them made several controversial decisions, decisions that remained hidden for decades.
Perhaps the most backward of all was the pardon of renowned Nazis to enlist in the services of Asteroessa. It was called Operation Connector and it would be worth it with jealousy, snatching 1,600 Nazi scientists from the greedy hands of other allies.
Because America was not alone in this immoral race. All the winners ‘great players wanted to get as much as they could from Axis’ technology and know-how. The old differences between the West and the USSR came to the surface again and the Americans and the British were mainly quick to seize things before the Russians.
But the United States had the advantage. As the impending Cold War threatened to destroy the precious victory, the United States quickly granted immunity to leading Nazi war crimes scientists and fled to secret laboratories on the other side of the Atlantic.
The career was to work in American laboratories instead of Soviet ones, because those great scientists would not be lost. After all, the Russians had their own plan to plunder the great Nazi minds, we are talking about a normal and ruthless battle.
In one day, on October 22, 1946, the secret services and the Red Army kidnapped 2,200 German specialists (more than 6,000 people, if we count their families) from the occupation zone at gunpoint. Soviet and sent them to work in the laboratories of the Union.
That is why the Americans and the British had started the broom operation earlier, so that developments would not catch up with them. Before the official end of the war, British and American military units plowed the occupied German territories in search of military, scientific and technological secrets. And its creators, oh.
Behind allied lines, organizations like the Combined Intelligence Targets Subcommittee (later known as the Joint Intelligence Targets Agency) combed the terrain, confiscating military equipment, documents and work. And, of course, question the German scientists, observe their moods.
Such a discovery was to play an important role, an article found in March 1945 in the baths of the University of Bonn lists all the scientists who had been recruited in the later phases of the war since Third Reich.
The “Osenberg List” was a real treasure. It was a list compiled by Werner Osenberg himself, the chief engineer who ran the Third Reich Defense Research Association, and contained all the important German scientists working in the regime’s laboratories.
The depth and scope of the Nazi investigation
When he failed to take over the USSR, Hitler did not give up. Instead, he was gathering new supplies and fighting for new plans to face the red giant. In 1943 he engaged in his most valuable asset, scientists, mathematicians, engineers, technicians and more than 4,000 missile experts, locking them up in a Baltic port to develop new lines of defense against the advancing Red Army.
Peenemünde in northern Germany became the center for Nazi missile research, and Osenberg mobilized to bring his scientific elite there. Germany. In whose biography there should be not only important achievements and distinctions, but also declared sympathies with the Nazi ideology.
You had to be both an ace at your job and “theirs” to get there. This was the “Osenberg List” and all the names it contained were in favor of the Nazi regime and its goals.
A lot of work was being done in Peenemunde in terms of weapons technology and the Nazis would soon even have biological weapons of war. And then the Pentagon woke up and said but stop, we want these weapons too!
Commercial clip
They initially wanted to arrest and question those on the infamous list. This was envisioned by Operation Overcast, as the company was originally named. But as the Americans discovered the unthinkable aspects of Nazi high-tech technology, plans changed.
Why not pick them up as a family in the United States and have them work for them? And so, on May 22, 1945, the Allies attacked the Peenemünde base and captured those working on the V-2 missile. What was the V-2? The world’s first long-range ballistic missile!
The Office of Strategic Research (OSS), which would later be renamed INC. After obtaining approval from President Truman, the Connection Company was operating normally.
Only the president made it clear to them that they couldn’t recruit any avowed Nazi scientists. And everyone in Peenemund was like that! The “window” in the directive was found, of course: they erased any files, records or evidence that could link them to the Nazi mechanism.
Clean and free from all possible war crimes, 1,600 German scientists and their families reached the other side of the Atlantic to revolutionize the American arsenal of chemical and biological warfare weapons and the space race.
Who were the American beneficiaries?
First of all, Werner von Braun. At the head of the V-2 research unit, the missile that swept Britain, von Braun was a common American citizen of German descent on the other side of the Atlantic. He became an important member of it. POT and director of the Marshall Space Flight Center.
It was erased from their records that their missile program was being held hostage by the Buchenwald concentration camp. Innocent victims dying of hunger and overwork. The use of the V-2 as a “weapon of revenge” was also abolished, as the Nazis used it to bombard cities in retaliation for Allied bombing.
The deal with the devil, however, paid off for the United States. Von Brown gave him his first space satellite, Explorer 1, and Saturn V later, when he officially joined NASA. Saturn V took the Apollo mission to the Moon.
How not to be honored with the National Medal of Science? But four of his close associates also received NASA’s Distinguished Service Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the United States Space Agency.
As soon as he landed on American soil in 1945, Peenemunde’s technical director was locked up in a secret military base in Texas and tested the V-2. Until 1977, when he died of cancer, he lived a life known and crowned with laurels.
He always had with him his closest collaborators, an army of Nazi scientists who had worked in all the important areas of the Marshall Space Flight Center. At his side is always Kurt Debus, this official member of the SS, who was the director of the proving ground that we know today as the Kennedy Space Center.
In addition to the other values, a crater on the Moon bears his name and a second from von Braun.
With them is Otto Ambros, their “favorite chemist Adolf hitler“As he was known, he was even tried in Nuremberg for mass murder and crimes against humanity.
On the other side of the Atlantic, however, they saw it with grace, their knowledge was necessary, as you see, for the conquest of Space. He died as a special adviser to the United States Department of Energy.
For a full 50 years, from 1963 to 2013, the American Association for Space Medicine honored top scientists with the Strughold Prize. By the “father of space medicine” himself, Hubertus Strughold. Who was Strughold?
As the Wall Street Journal revealed in 2013, which forced the Association for Space Medicine to rename the award, it was one of those Nazi doctors who did. experiments To the people.
And the names are many here. All of them were devastated by the crimes of the past. A good example is Dr. Theodor Benzinger, who died in the 90’s and the New York Times dedicated a wonderful article to him as the inventor of the ear thermometer.
They forgot to mention that it was another Nazi doctor who did his research on the hostage camps.
All of them initially worked in secret facilities in Texas and New Mexico as “special advisers to the War Department” and then, freed from their shady past, found their place in the higher state apparatus.
None of them were ever tried (except one, Georg Rickhey, who was overthrown and brought to Germany in 1947 to be tried and finally acquitted) And they all lived a life of grace …
What remains of the company
Even today, much of the history of Operation Paperclip remains alarmingly unknown, as if some stubbornly insist on denying it.
Recent journalistic investigations and requests for access to documents have been denied and again denied. In some cases, even lawsuits. In fact, when the “New York Times” is the one conducting the investigation, your request is approved, but the available data is lacking.
Even for some of these scientists who were later linked to the atrocities of the Holocaust, nothing is available. Some obviously did a very good job and wiped them off the face of the earth.
Before they are magically portrayed as notable American citizens with enviable science. Such a good science that in addition to his contribution to military equipment and the battle for space, the patents granted for his work exceeded the value of $ 10 billion.
In 2005, the Interagency Working Group, created by Bill clinton, concluded in his report sent to Congress that “the belief that [αμερικανικός στρατός και CIA] Only a few “bad apples” were mobilized that they cannot bear in light of the new documents.
[ad_2]