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There are many questions about whether specific categories of patients should be vaccinated against the coronavirus.
Helpful tips for special categories of patients on vaccination against coronavirus, were given during an online talk conducted by the scientific staff of the III University Clinic of Pathology of the EKPA Faculty of Medicine at the initiative of Konstantinos Syrigos, Professor of Pathology & Oncology and Garoufalliakos Pouthogis Infectious Diseases, on the topic of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
In particular, the COPD patients COVID-19 patients are at increased risk of severe illness, ICU admission, and death and should be vaccinated without interrupting their treatment regimen. the asthma patients they do not have an increased risk of COVID-19 disease or increased risk of death associated with COVID-19 disease. Patients with asthma must maintain constant treatment, especially inhaled corticosteroids. the patients with neoplastic diseases They are a large, mixed bag and need special instructions. Those who receive chemotherapy They are considered to be at high risk of developing a serious COVID-19 infection and should be vaccinated as a priority.
The vaccines that use it MRNA technology is safe in immunosuppressed patientswhereas vaccines containing inactivated live organisms are contraindicated in immunosuppressed individuals. Immunosuppressed patients may not be able to develop a good immune response. This is not a contraindication, as vaccination can provide some degree of protection. Data in immunosuppressed patients are limited and therefore no guidelines exist yet. Long-term experience with the administration of influenza vaccine can be used as a model.
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by patients receiving immunomodulatory agents, including biological therapies, Currently, there is insufficient data to draw safe conclusions. In these patients, the safety of vaccines must be weighed against the risk of a poor outcome after SARS-CoV-2 disease. Experience with existing vaccines makes it possible to achieve reduced immunity rates also with COVID-19 vaccines. Activation of immune reactions and / or exacerbation of the underlying immune disease is considered highly unlikely, based on experience with other vaccines. For these reasons, the previous category of patients has been integrated into the COVID-19 vaccination programs of most countries, as the risk is expected to be much less than the benefit.
The scientists highlighted that the available vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus are very safe and with minimal allergic reactions. Its administration is strongly recommended to all healthy people, while patients with underlying diseases should also be vaccinated, after first discussing with their doctor the type of vaccine and the period of time to be performed.
According to participants in the online information, the mRNA vaccines from Pfizer / BioNtech and Moderna are already licensed for emergency use. They provide 94.5% efficiency, Both transportation and deep cooling are required (-70 ° C and -20 ° C respectively). Allergic reactions seen with your vaccine. Pfizer / BioNtech are rare, have been successfully treated, and are attributed to the polyethylene glycol component of the vaccine. They are not associated with food allergies.
The upcoming Astra / Zeneca-Oxford University vaccine is up to 90% effective and easier to dispense than before. The Russian Sputnik 5 vaccine is as effective as 91.4%, low cost and satisfactory transport conditions.
The true anti-vaccine population does not exceed 10%
Fear of side effects and the rapid production and licensing of vaccines are the leading cause of vacillation in most vaccines (up to 65% of the population), the researchers said. They noted that hesitation is expressed in similar percentages of medical personnel. “The truly anti-vaccine population does not exceed 10%,” they characteristically said.
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In general, the vaccines are well tolerated, and most side effects are mild or moderate in severity and resolve within 1 to 2 days. Local reactions were mainly pain. The most common systemic reactions were fatigue and headache. They occurred more frequently in the youngest than in the elderly (> 55 years) vaccinated and were more frequent after the second dose. Serious systemic reactions were reported in less than 2%.
The scientists noted that “mRNA vaccines do not affect or interact with human DNA in any way. Long-term data on the safety of the vaccine are unknown and, therefore, the application of universal vaccination will be done under a close pharmacovigilance ”.
