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Science has come a long way in human embryo research. This is the first time a child is born in India to save the life of his brother. Controversy has flared since the news made headlines. The debate is moral. The question also arises of how moral it is to give birth to a brother or sister correcting a genetic defect in order to save someone.
Kavya Solanki was born in October 2016. In March this year, bone marrow was removed from her body and transplanted into the body of her seven-year-old older brother Abhijit. Abhijit suffered from thalassemia. Infection with this disease results in an error in the production of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin particles in the patient’s blood, resulting in a dangerous decrease in the amount of hemoglobin. For this reason, Abhijit needed to administer 350 to 400 ml of blood every 20-22 days. They gave him 60 blood transfusions before he was six years old.
Abhijeet’s father, Sahdevsin Solanki, said: ‘Abhijit was born after my eldest daughter. We were a very happy family. When she was only 10 months old, we found out she had thalassemia. We all fell apart. He was very weak. His immune system was not working properly and he was often sick. And when I discovered that there was no cure for this disease, my suffering doubled ”.
She began to study the disease to understand why her son got sick. At the same time, he conducted extensive research to find out what kind of treatment he had and sought the advice of medical experts. At some point he learns that there is a cure for this disease, and it is bone marrow transplantation. He then began to investigate the matter in detail.
But the problem is that the bone marrow of the aristocracy did not match the bone marrow of any of the other members of this family. Even her older sister couldn’t be matched. Then Abhijit’s father read an article in 2016, which spoke of ‘brothers and sisters saving lives’. It mentions the birth of a brother or sister of a person, suitable for organ, cell or bone marrow transplantation, and they are called ‘life-saving brothers and sisters.
Then he became more curious about this and later became a renowned fertility expert in India. Manish took refuge in a banker. He then pressured the doctor to create a fetus without thalassemia for the treatment of the child Abhijeet. 
Sahdevsin Solanki, father of Abhijit and Kaviya Solanki.
A hospital told Solanki’s family that they had found a compatible tissue for a bone marrow transplant, but only in the United States. The cost behind this will be very high – 50 lakh to one rupee crore. Also, since the donor is not related to the aristocracy, the probability of success is only 20 to 30 percent. The technology that Kavya delivered is called preimplantation genetic diagnosis. In this method, the fetus is first examined to see if there is any disease in it, if any, then the responsible gene is identified and its defects corrected.
This technology has been used in India for the past few years. However, this is the first time a ‘life-saving sister’ has been born in that country. Dr. The banker says it took him about six months to create the embryo, analyze it, and test it to see if it matched the elite. After that, when everything was fine, the fetus was placed in the mother’s womb.
Dr. The banker added: “After Kavya was born, we had to wait another 16 to 18 months for her weight to increase to 10/12 kg. The bone marrow was transplanted in March. Then we waited a few more months to make sure the Abhijit’s body would have absorbed the caviar. Seven months have passed since the transplant and Abhijit has not had to donate any more blood. His hemoglobin is now above 11. He has recovered.
Abhijit’s bone marrow transplant operation was performed. Deepa Trivedi. Hemoglobin levels in caviar fell after transplantation, he said. The result was pain for a few days in the area where the bone marrow was removed. But now he has made a full recovery. Kaviya and Abhijit: They are both completely healthy now.
“The arrival of Kavya has radically changed their lives,” said Sohdevsin Solanki. “We love him more now than any other child.” Not only is he our son, he is also a lifesaver in our family. We will be eternally grateful. ”
The first brother to save lives
The first case of such an exhilarating birth was in the United States 20 years ago. His name was Adam Nash. He was born to treat his six-year-old sister. His sister Fanconi suffered from an incurable disease called anemia. It is a genetic disease. There was a lot of controversy at the time about the birth of Adam Nash. The question arose as to whether her birth was really expected or whether she was born as a ‘medical device’ just to save her sister.
Many later wondered if the technology would eventually lead to ‘more advanced humans’ or ‘child designers’ according to their own needs and preferences. Controversy flared up again in 2010 when a life-saving baby was born in Britain. After Kavya’s birth, the controversy also started in India.
The debate on morality
Professor John Evans, a sociology professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, said: “There has been a long-standing debate on ethics. German philosopher Emanuel Kant said that no one should be used just to profit. We need to see What is the purpose of the parents Do you want to give birth to your sick child for treatment? If so, you are putting a child at risk without permission.
Professor John Evans added: “One aspect is that the cells are collected from the umbilical cord of the fetus in the mother’s uterus through the connective tissue of the mother’s flower, and another aspect is that that baby is born to take any organ The issue of bone marrow harvesting is in the middle stage, not that there is no risk, but it is not as harmful as organ transplantation Organ transplants can often cause permanent damage to the donor.
However, according to him, the most important question is: where is the end? In Evans’s words, “It is a very risky place and it is also very difficult to limit. Perhaps a brother or sister was born who saved his life through bone marrow, but will he stop there? Who will make sure that the genes current humans are not modified as a result? Britain has strict controls on where to get approval for genetic modification. “But this control system is not very strong in India. And it’s like opening a Pandora’s box.”
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