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Scientists at the Bangladesh Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Genomic Research Laboratory say that while the rate of mutations per coronavirus sample in the world is 7.23, in Bangladesh it is 12.80.
They released the data at a news conference Sunday after analyzing genome sequences and data from 263 samples to monitor the genetic diversity of the coronavirus.
Selim Khan, director of the Genomics Research Laboratory, told bdnews24.com: “The mutation rate of the virus is almost double, so it is not a threat to public health in Bangladesh. The virus changes on a regular basis. We need investigate further to see how scary it can be. “
The Minister of Science and Technology, Yafes Osman, and the President of BCSIR, Ali Aftab Sheikh, were also present at the press conference.
The new coronavirus, which began spreading from China late last year and took over the world, has been named SARS COV-2. So far, around 3,500 lakh people have been infected with the virus in Bangladesh and some 4,500 people have died.
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The character of this virus must be well understood before the epidemic can be controlled. Like other countries in the world, scientists in Bangladesh are trying to understand the type of mutation by analyzing its genotype.
In a written statement, Ali Aftab Sheikh said: “Analysis of 263 SARS-Cove-2 genomes revealed that mutations occurred at a total of 638 sites, of which 356 were non-synonymous amino acid substitutions. So far, the rate annual mutation in the SARS-Cove-2 virus is 24.64 nucleotides “.
The genetic makeup of the coronavirus contains 1,284 proteins, of which proteins 212 to 523 are important spike proteins.
The spike protein is a structure external to the virus that it uses to enter human cells.
Scientists at the Genomics Research Laboratory said in July that no mutations had been found in samples analyzed so far in Bangladesh.
However, one of the strains of the coronavirus that scientists are thinking about is D614G.
In this mutation, protein number 614 (amino acid) is converted from D or aspartic acid to G or glycine. The virus has many more spikes. As a result, it is easier to enter the human cell.
This strain of coronavirus is much more active around the world and scientists have also seen it in Bangladesh.
BCSIR press conference
Ali Aftab Sheikh told a press conference on Sunday that after 263 SARS-Cove-2 genome sequencing in Bangladesh, they have received the coronavirus strain ‘D614G’ in 100% of cases.
“The analysis found that the mutations occurred at a total of 638 points, including 356 non-synonymous amino acid substitutions.”
Selim Khan said that the level of infection is increasing in Bangladesh as glycine is being replaced by amino acid number 614.
This geneticist himself was infected with the coronavirus and has recently recovered.
“The coronavirus is an RNA virus,” he told bdnews24.com by phone. As we have seen, the change in its nucleotide is 636 hours. Changes in nucleotides result in changes in amino acids. It was found that the change did not occur in 638 amino acids, but in 336. “
Highlighting the latest data from the study, Selim Khan said: “Of the 103 nucleotide mutations in the spike protein gene, 53 non-synonymous amino acids have been replaced, of which 5 are individual; That you can’t find anywhere else in the world. “
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Repetition was observed in four mutations in the collected samples. These are ‘241 cytosine> thiamine’, ‘3036 cytosine> thiamine’, ‘14406 cytosine> thiamine’, ‘23403 adenine> guanine’.
After genome analysis, Selim Khan said that five strains of SARS-Cove-2 were found in Bangladesh.
“We have found the presence of coronavirus in 243 GR clades, 18 GH clades, 3 G clades, one and one clade,” he said.
Ali Aftab Sheikh said the results of his study had already been sent to 50 vaccine manufacturers around the world, including Synovac Research and Development Company in China, Moderna in the United States and the University of Oxford.
Science and Technology Minister Yafes Osman said: “The sequence of the virus genome is now very important to make vaccines. But we won’t stop this sequencing even when the vaccine arrives. We will continue it. Because by sequencing the genome, we can find more and more new diseases ”.
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