Impressions are gained in a fluid, global, diffused way. Credit: Y Yu Jingchuan, Beijing Planetarium
Most objects in the universe are dark and completely different in nature from what they make of stars, planets and people. Galaxies form and grow when the gas cools and condenses into the so-called massive clotting center of this dark matter, the halo of so-called dark matter.
An international research team led by Professor Wang Jin of the National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC) used supercomputers in China and Europe to zoom in on specific areas of the virtual universe. Moon to see fleas on its surface.
The study was published in Nature On September 2, 2020.
Huge galaxy clusters, a collection of hundreds of bright galaxies, are scattered throughout the largest dark matter in the universe today. The properties of such clusters, which are quadruple (ten million) times the value of our Sun, are well studied.
Cosmetics of the smallest dark matter, on the other hand, are unheard of. They are currently presumed to be about the mass of the earth according to popular theories.
Such a small halo would be extremely numerous, with a significant fraction of all the dark matter in the universe. However, they will remain dark throughout the history of the universe, as stars and galaxies grow in gaps more than a million times the size of the sun alone.
“These small arts can only be studied by simulating the evolution of the universe in a large supercomputer,” said Professor Wang.
Simulations of the formation of dark matter haloes ranging in size from the Earth’s mass to clusters of galaxies result in a universal halo formation extending up to 20 orders of magnitude. Credit: Dr. Saunak Bose, Astrophysics Center, Harvard University
The research team, based on the National Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of China, Durham University in the UK, the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Germany and the Center for Astrophysics in the USA, undertook five years of development, testing and research.
It enabled them to study the formation of dark matter haloes of all people between Earth and a large galaxy cluster. In numbers, the zoom covers the mass range from 10 to power 30 (followed by 30 zeros one after the other), which is equal to the number of kilograms in the sun.
By zooming in on the virtual universe in such microscopic detail, researchers were able to study the formation of dark matter pits from the Earth’s mass to large clusters of galaxies.
Professor Wang said, “Surprisingly, we find that coils of all sizes have a very similar internal structure, i.e., they are very dense in the center, spread more and more, and have smaller coils orbiting in their outer regions.” Have. “Without the scale of the step, it would have been almost impossible to tell the impression of the mass of a giant galaxy from a mass whose mass is a fraction of the sun.”
Particles of dark matter can collide near the centers of the halo, and according to some theories, energetic (gamma) radiation is destroyed in the explosion.
Co-author of Durham University, Prof. Carlos Frank said: “By zooming into these relatively small dark matter haloes we can calculate the amount of radiation expected from pots of different sizes.”
This radiation will be emitted by most dark matter stars through stars and future gamma-ray observatories, making these small objects “visible” individually or collectively.
Simon White, co-author of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, said this would confirm the hypothetical nature of dark matter, which cannot be completely obscure. “Our research will shed light on these small haloes because we want to know more about what a dark object is and the role it plays in the evolution of the universe.”
Read Zooming in Tight on Dark Matter to learn more on this research.
Reference: j. Wang, S. Bose, CS Frank, L. Sing, a. Jenkins, V. “Universal formation of dark matter in a wide range of intensities of 20 orders” by Springle and SDM White, 2 September 2020 Nature.
DOI: 10.1038 / s41586-020-2642-9
The simulations were performed at cosmology machine supercomputers in Guangzhou, China, Durham, England and Munich, Germany.
