The universe is full of galaxy clusters, but Able 2261 is in its own class. In the galaxy in the center of the cluster, where the largest supermassive black hole in the universe should be, astronomers have not been able to locate such an object.
And the new discovery only makes the absence more surprising: if a supermassive black hole returned to space, evidence of its passage should be left. But there is no indication of that in the material around the galactic center.
But this means that the supermassive black hole – if it is there, the search for survival – can be put on hold.
Galaxy clusters are the largest known gravitational constructs in the universe. Typically, they are clusters of hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together, a huge, unusually bright galaxy that is close to or close to the center, known as a bright cluster galaxy (BCG).
But even in BCG, the BCG of the bell bell 2261 (named, in fact, A2261-BCG, and about 2.7 billion light-years away) has come out. It is about a million light-years – up to 10 times the size of a galaxy – and has a massive, puffy core of up to 10,000 light-years, the largest galactic core ever seen.
What could it be ??? (NASA; ESA; M. Postman, STSCI; T. Lower, NOAO, Tucson; Clash Team)
Depending on the mass of the galaxy, which corresponds to the size of a black hole, there must be a whole mass of black holes, between 3 and 100 billion times the mass of the Sun, making it one of the largest known. Black holes (galaxy’s supermassive black hole has 4 million solar masses).
But instead of keeping the radiation you would expect from an active supermassive black hole, as it churns and superhits the material around it, the main body of the 2261-BCG is filled with a diffuse fog of bright starlight. Various instruments, including the Lunar X-ray Observatory, a very large array and the Hubble Space Telescope, have failed to detect any sign of a black hole in the center of the A2261-BCG.
Now a team of astronomers led by Kayhan Gultekin from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor has gone to the moon for a set of lunar observations, which are expected to eject a supermassive black hole.
It’s not a wild idea. Growth is expected to occur when BCG merges with other galaxies. When this happens, the supermassive black holes in the center of the merging galaxies will also merge, forming a large black hole slowly turning towards each other before coming together.
We now know that gravitational waves, thanks to astronomy, cause supermassive black holes to merge to make gravitational waves fly through space-time. It is possible that, if the gravitational waves were stronger in one direction, the gravitational pull could kick the merged black hole in the opposite direction.
It would be surprising to find evidence of this. First, the black hole merger has yet to be traced back, which means it’s still a fantasy. But we also don’t know that supermassive black holes can actually merge with each other.
According to the numerical similarities of supermassive black hole mergers, they cannot. This is because as their orbit decreases, they can also transfer space in the realm of space. Black holes are no longer large enough to support more orbital decay in this area of space, except for one parsec (3..3 light-years), so they remain in stable binary orbit for billions of years. This is called the ultimate Persian problem.
Several indications have been suggested that such a merger could occur at the heart of A2261-BCG. For starters, the size of the roots is. In 2012, scientists suggested that two merged black holes could eject a whole mass of stellar stars from the field. This will also explain why the ga ense concentration of stars is 2,000 light-years from the core.
In 2017, scientists were looking for high-density concentrations of stars that would have been trapped in the gravity of a large object, such as a merged supermassive black hole, protruding from the center of the galaxy. Of the three clusters, two were rejected and the third was undecided.
(NASA / CXC, NASA / STSCI, NAOJ / Subaru, NSF / NRAO / VLA)
So, Gultekin and his team used the moon for a closer look at the center of the A2222-BCG, and combined it with archival data to detect low-level supermassive black hole activity. Radio emissions had previously shown that the last supermassive black hole activity at the center of the galaxy took place about a million years ago, so the team was very careful to investigate the area.
They also looked at the concentration of stars around the galactic core.
What the team found is that the density of the hot gas decreases as it approaches the center; So the highest density of gas is not in the center of the main, but around it. But none of the sites they investigated showed any evidence of X-radiation associated with black hole activity.
Black holes give no detectable radiation on them, and we can usually find them when they are feeding, there is a black hole in the center of the 2261-BCG. If there is, it is either quiet, or the matter is slowly increasing as it can be detected by our current devices.
Another explanation is that the black hole has been kicked out a lot more than we are seeing. More sensitive devices could help answer this interesting question in the future.
The research is acknowledged by the AAS Journal, and is available at Archive.
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