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The news portal tv3.lt spoke with the researcher from the Institute of Applied Electrodynamics and Telecommunications of Vilnius University, Faculty of Physics (VU FF) about 6G communication technology, how it differs from the global 5G connection and how its development contributes to their development. Kęstutis Ikamas.
6G – more data and faster
According to the researcher, 6G is a new generation of mobile devices and should replace 5G in the future.
“It is just a technology in development, so far there is a lot of uncertainty about it, because 5G is currently being implemented in the world. I think that 6G technology as a standard will emerge later, when many problems related to 5G implementation are resolved. <...> If, in general, 6G is an extension of mobile technology, it is the technology of the future, ”said Ikam.
According to the interlocutor, the simplest explanation of how 6G connectivity technology will differ from the 5G connection that is being rolled out or the now widely used 4G connection is that 6G will simply be faster. The more specific differences, according to Ikam, are difficult at the moment because the 6G connection is still shrouded in considerable fog.
“Higher RF waves are likely to be used for this connection than the 5G currently used. What does this mean? This means that the connection is likely to be very directional, the data will be transmitted in a very narrow beam.” said the researcher.
K. Ikamas explained that the higher the frequency of the waves used, the more directional the connection will be, so the signal sent through the 6G connection will go in a straight line, the communication will go from one point to another.
“Due to the use of high-frequency waves, it will be possible to transmit a much larger amount of data on that data channel. Consequently, the speed will be higher, “said K. Ikamas.
It will not have a significant impact on health.
Much controversy in society is due to the fact that the 5G connection is still being implemented in the world. Opponents of this technology claim that 5G causes cancer, infertility, and destroys animals and plants. The researchers at the time argue that there is no evidence that 5G can be more harmful than other widely used communication technologies.
Mr. Ikam said that the harmfulness of communication technology depends on the power transmitters that are used. The more powerful the transmitter, the source of radiation, the more damage it can cause.
Higher frequency waves will be used for 6G communication. According to Ikam, the higher the radio frequency radiation, the more difficult it is to extract more energy.
“It is likely that 6G [galia] it will be weak enough unless some miracle is created in ten years and very powerful sources are created. But at the moment, there are no sources of such small dimensions that can emit radio waves of such high power that they have a greater impact on our body, ”said K. Ikamas.
So, according to the scientist, the fact that 6G does not have a significant impact on our health is due to two factors. The first reason, already mentioned, is that it is unlikely that high power sources will be used for 6G communication.
“The second thing is the directionality. It is possible that the 6G is very directional and, simply, all the transmitters will emit a very narrow beam and there will be very little chance of falling into that radiation”, assured K. Ikamas.
Lithuanian scientists contribute to the development of the latest technologies
According to the interlocutor, there is no single specific person or organization to which the laurels of the discovery of the 6G connection can be attributed.
“There is simply a group of scientists, engineers, who are developing the technologies of the future. New connectivity and data capabilities are being tested in various parts of the world. If you take specific geographic locations, it is Japan, South Korea, USA, France, other countries. Among them, we in Lithuania contribute to this research, discovery and development of new technologies, which can be used in the future in the next generation 6G connection ”, said K. Ikamas.
The interviewee said that many groups of scientists work with communication technologies in Lithuania. They are researchers from the VU Faculty of Physics, the Vilnius Gediminas Technical University and the Center for Physical and Technological Sciences.
The Terahertz Electronics Laboratory, represented by K. Ikamas, works with high-frequency data transmission lines that can be used in 6G communication technology. According to the scientist, Lithuanians have joined the latest technological development train a long time ago: scientists from our country have contributed to the development of 4G and 5G.
“The technology itself is complex to develop, it requires a lot of effort, many people involved in everything. It all starts with a great advance in certain areas, such as physics or telecommunications. That great advance is being achieved by scientists and engineers,” explained K Ikamas.
According to the interlocutor, in the case of 6G, the researchers believe that higher frequency waves will be used and much larger amounts of data can be transmitted.
Ikam said that when those technological possibilities are tested, entrepreneurs and telecommunications companies will take the job. They are commercializing such scientific discoveries and turning them into widely available products that can be used by anyone using a mobile connection.
When can we expect 6G to benefit all mobile users?
“It is difficult to say because 5G has not entered normally yet. But if we look at the history of how mobile generations have been implemented, they are rolled out roughly every ten years. That is, if 5G is being rolled out now and we predict that the trend will continue, then 6G will appear in about ten years, around 2030 ”, reasoned K. Ikamas.
China’s role is shrouded in mystery
According to Ikam, China is really contributing to the development of 6G.
“She is very active in science, she sees it in all fields. <...> I think it has to do with the general situation in the world. Because China is very strong economically, a lot is produced in China, Chinese companies themselves are also very active in developing new technologies. Naturally, the role of China in the development of new technologies is quite large, “said the researcher.
According to him, 6G communication will use terahertz frequencies, they are of interest to specialists in various fields, and China is very active in this field.
“Perhaps part of that participation is secret, because it is related to military technology, trade secrets,” Ikam said.
China’s involvement in 5G development has raised a number of questions about whether the Chinese government is trying to infiltrate foreign security systems or whether the technologies China offers are secure enough.
As for 6G, according to Ikam, it is still difficult to predict whether the technologies that China is developing will be safe. According to the scientist, this will depend on how much China will cooperate with other countries, how open it will be to the world and how much the Chinese government will interfere in this process.
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