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Coronavirus cases in the UK are increasing at an exponential rate, official figures show. According to the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), the most recent estimate of R in the UK is between 1.0 and 1.2. The R rate represents the reproduction number: it is a way of rating the coronavirus or the ability to spread any disease.
Analyzed data from the COVID Symptom Study app, led by researchers at King’s College London, has established six distinct “types” of COVID-19, each of which is distinguished by a particular group of symptoms.
Launched in March in the UK and extended to the US and Sweden, the COVID Symptom Study app asks participants to record their health and any potential new COVID-19 symptoms on a daily basis.
With more than four million users, the app represents the largest studio of its kind in the world.
Although ongoing cough, fever, and loss of smell (anosmia) are generally highlighted as the three key symptoms of COVID-19, data collected from users of the app shows that people can experience a wide range of different symptoms than include headaches, muscle aches, fatigue, diarrhea. , confusion, loss of appetite, trouble breathing.
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Progression and results also vary significantly between people, from mild flu-like symptoms or a simple rash to serious or fatal illness.
To find out whether particular symptoms tend to appear together and how this relates to disease progression, the research team used a machine learning algorithm to analyze data from a subset of around 1,600 users in the UK and the US. With COVID-19 confirmed that he had regularly logged his symptoms using the app in March and April.
The analysis revealed six specific groups of symptoms that emerge at characteristic moments in disease progression, representing six distinct “types” of COVID-19.
All the people who reported symptoms experienced headaches and loss of smell, with various combinations of additional symptoms at various times.
Some of these, such as confusion, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath, are not widely known as symptoms of COVID-19, but are characteristic of the more severe forms of the disease, data shows.
The six groups are as follows:
- 1 (‘flu-like’ without fever): headache, loss of smell, muscle aches, cough, sore throat, chest pain, no fever.
- 2 (‘flu-like’ with fever): headache, loss of smell, cough, sore throat, hoarseness, fever, loss of appetite.
- 3 (gastrointestinal): headache, loss of smell, loss of appetite, diarrhea, sore throat, chest pain, no cough.
- 4 (severe level one, fatigue): headache, loss of smell, cough, fever, hoarseness, chest pain, fatigue.
- 5 (severe level two, confusion): headache, loss of smell, loss of appetite, cough, fever, hoarseness, sore throat, chest pain, fatigue, confusion, muscle pain.
- 6 (level three severe, abdominal and respiratory): headache, loss of smell, loss of appetite, cough, fever, hoarseness, sore throat, chest pain, fatigue, confusion, muscle pain, shortness of breath, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
How should I respond to the symptoms of COVID-19?
According to the NHS, you should isolate yourself immediately if you have any symptoms of coronavirus.
Self-isolation is when you don’t leave your home because you have or could have coronavirus.
You should also get tested as soon as possible if you have any symptoms of coronavirus.
According to the NHS, the test should be done within the first five days of having symptoms.
“You don’t need a test if you don’t have symptoms or if you have different symptoms,” says the health agency.
Other reasons to self-isolate include:
- Tested positive for coronavirus; this means you have coronavirus
- Live with someone who has symptoms or tested positive
- Someone in your support bubble has symptoms or tested positive
- NHS Test and Trace tells you to isolate yourself
- It comes to the UK from a country with a high risk of coronavirus.
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