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Original Title: Wuliangsuhai: Lake Water and Birds Fly Back
Wuliangsuhai is located in Uradqian Banner, Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is the largest freshwater lake in the Yellow River basin. Since the 1990s, due to factors such as the continuous reduction in natural water replenishment and wastewater discharge, the ecological function of Lake Wuliangsu has been degraded and its biodiversity has gradually declined. In recent years, with the vigorous implementation of the Wuliangsu Sea Comprehensive Management, the ecological environment here has gradually improved, once again becoming a paradise for many birds and fish.
Wuliangsuhai is the gateway to the “northern sand belt” in the “three screens and two belts” national ecological security strategic pattern. It also plays an important role in regulating the climate in northern China and the volume of water in the main stream of the Yellow River. In 2019, the city of Bayannaoer launched a pilot project for ecological protection and restoration in the Wuliangsuhai Basin with a total investment of approximately 5.6 billion yuan. The project has been transformed from purely “controlling lakes” to “controlling watersheds” systematically, focusing on “mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes and lakes”. The seven ecological elements of “grass and sand” will promote the integral management of all the elements, hydrographic basins and regions in the area of 16,300 square kilometers of the basin.
“In the upper reaches of the Wuliangsu Sea, Ulan Buhe Comprehensive Desert Management has been applied and a total of 1,087 million mu of sand control has been completed. This has effectively slowed the invasion of the desert and blocked the flow of sediments to the plain eroded by the Yellow River Hetao “. Ecological protection of the Wuliangsu Sea According to Du Zhangui, director of the center, in the surrounding cities and industrial parks, the construction of sewage treatment plants, reclaimed water plants and sewer pipe networks, and water is vigorously promoted reclaimed water is used as much as possible for industrial water, garden water, landscape water and diverse urban water. At the same time, reclaimed water that cannot be reused is fed into the constructed wetland for purification and enhancement. After reaching the surface water level V, it enters the Wuliangsu Sea through the drainage ditches at all levels, which basically solves the source pollution problem of the Wuliangsu Sea point.
In Hetao Irrigation District, due to the implementation of agricultural non-point source pollution control projects and the orientation of businesses and farmers towards organic production, the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution has been alleviated and The quality of the water entering the lake has been improved. At the same time, since 2018, the city of Bayannaoer has used existing irrigation and drainage canals to carry out an emergency ecological water replenishment in Wuliangsuhai, which has also played an important role in the ecological improvement of the lake area.
According to the results of water quality monitoring of the Wuliangsuhai National Examination Section, in 2018 and 2019, the water quality of the section was Grade IV and Grade III respectively, and the average water quality in the first 7 months of 2020 was also Grade III. Sensory changes in the water quality of the Wuliangsu sea are also very obvious, and the species and numbers of birds that inhabit it have increased significantly. There are currently more than 20 species of fish, more than 260 birds and more than 6 million, including mute swans, that are included in the key national protection. Pelican beak, spoonbill, etc.
At present, all 35 sub-projects of the ecological protection and restoration pilot project in the Wuliangsuhai Basin have been started, 68% of the project plan has been completed and it is expected to be basically completed by the end of this year. While improving the ecological environment, the project will further promote the high-quality and ecological development of Hetao agriculture.
