Who can get vaccinated? Where can I get vaccinated? What to do if there is an adverse reaction? … Authorized departments respond to the seven main problems of the new coronavirus vaccine

Xinhua News Agency reporters Dong Ruifeng and Mu Tiecheng

Who can get the new coronavirus vaccine? Where can I get vaccinated? How safe is it? What is the price?

In response to hot topics of public interest, the State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on the 19th, and relevant officials from the National Health Commission and other departments gave authoritative responses.

　　On December 19, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held a press conference in Beijing. Zeng Yixin, head of the vaccine research team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and deputy director of the National Health Commission, was in charge of the Department of Consumer Goods Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Technology of the Information. Mao Junfeng, Supervisor Jiao Yahui of the Medical Administration of the National Health Commission, Cui Gang, Head of the Office of Disease Control of the National Health Commission, Leader of the Vaccine Research and Development Team of the Mechanism Research Team Joint Prevention and Control of the State Council, and Pharmaceutical Zheng Zhongwei, director of the Health Science and Technology Development Research Center, and Wang Huaqing, chief expert and chief physician of the immunization program of the Centers for the China Disease Control and Prevention, presented the new coronavirus vaccination work for key populations and answered questions from journalists.Photo by Pan Xu, reporter for Xinhua News Agency.

　　Who can get the new coronavirus vaccine?

“In winter and spring, a new vaccination against the coronavirus will be carried out for some key populations,” said Zeng Yixin, head of the vaccine research team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and deputy director of the National Commission. of health. The crowd “should get as much as possible”, and those who meet the conditions can be vaccinated on time.

Cui Gang, head of the CDC of the National Health Commission, said that the current vaccination strategy is a “two-step” plan: the first step is mainly for some key populations, including the import cold chain, port quarantine , pilotage of boats, aviation air service, health Fresh produce market, public transport, medical disease control and other personnel with a higher risk of infection, as well as those who go to work and study in high-risk countries or regions.

In the second step, as vaccines are conditionally approved or formally approved for marketing, vaccine production will gradually increase. Through the orderly implementation of vaccination, an immune barrier will be gradually built among the population to block the spread of the new coronavirus in China.

　　How and where should the vaccine be administered?

Cui Gang said that under normal circumstances, vaccination units are health service centers, municipal health centers or general hospitals in their jurisdictions, and all localities should immediately announce the vaccination sites within their jurisdictions and units that can be vaccinated, including location and length of service. .

According to reports, if vaccination involves some centralized units, establishing some temporary vaccination sites to provide services will also be considered. At the same time, relevant units or persons will be notified where to call and when to call. Make an appointment in advance.

Cui Gang said that the public can consult the local health administrative department or the disease prevention and control agency in their jurisdiction, and also pay attention to the relevant information disclosure platform.

Cui Gang also recalled that during vaccination, you must follow local notification arrangements, such as carrying your ID card and keeping a record of the vaccination record. In addition, personal protection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of ordinary medical institutions.

　　Is it safe to get a vaccine?

Zheng Zhongwei, Head of the Vaccine Research and Development Special Team of the Research Team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and Director of the Center for Medical Science and Technology Development Research of the National Health and Health Commission, He said that since July, under the premise of volunteering, informed and consent, China has been exposed to high risks. The crowd received emergency vaccination and more than 1 million doses of the emergency vaccination work of the new coronavirus vaccine were completed. After close monitoring of adverse reactions and follow-up observation, no serious adverse reactions occurred.

During the same period, inactivated vaccines for emergency use were carried out in Phase III clinical trials abroad, and a total of 75,000 people and 150,000 doses have been vaccinated. Research shows that there are no serious safety risks.

　　What should I do if there is an adverse reaction after the vaccine?

Jiao Yahui, inspector of the Medical Administration and Hospital Administration of the National Health Commission, said that common adverse reactions seen in China’s vaccines include headache, fever, redness or lumps at the vaccination site, and some people have cough, loss of appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea. Wait.

According to reports, to ensure the safety of vaccination against the new coronavirus, several measures have been taken: one is to require that vaccination sites comply with the conditions for vaccination and medical treatment; the other is to require localities to divide vaccination units into various regions. , That general hospitals above level II take charge of the medical security work of various vaccination units in the area of ​​responsibility. Vaccinators are also reminded to realistically report their health status to medical personnel and remain at the vaccination site for 30 minutes after vaccination.

Jiao Yahui also said that it is necessary to distinguish between adverse reactions and vaccination coupling reactions. The mating reaction means that the vaccinator was in the incubation period or in the pre-onset state of some other diseases, and the disease also coincidentally occurred at the same time at the time of vaccination. This situation has nothing to do with vaccination or the quality of the vaccine and is not an adverse reaction.

　　How long can the vaccine be given?

Zeng Yixin said that since the emergence of the new coronavirus is less than a year, no conclusion can be drawn about how long the vaccine can provide protection, but current data shows that there is no doubt that the period of protection of the vaccine is more than half a year.

According to Zeng Yixin, in the first half of this year, some vaccines in China began phase I and phase II clinical trials, and many volunteers participated in them. Follow-up data showed that the antibodies from these volunteers still exist.

In addition, many medical institutions also follow up with patients with new coronary pneumonia who have recovered and discharged from the hospital. Follow-up data from Shenzhen Infectious Diseases Hospital of more than 400 discharged patients showed that the first discharged patients still had antibodies after 10 months.

Will it be given once a year as a flu shot? Zeng Yixin said that because the flu virus mutates rapidly, the vaccine needs to be adjusted at any time, not because the protection period of the flu vaccine is one year. Based on the current situation, the vaccine is unlikely to be vaccinated again in six months or a year.

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of the immunization program at the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said that based on the results of the gene sequencing comparison, the novel coronavirus mutation is currently within the range normal and no impact on the effect of the vaccine has been observed.

　　What is the price of the vaccine?

Zheng Zhongwei said that the price of vaccines is mainly based on companies, but there are several principles to be followed: the first is the principle of the public attributes of the product. Since it is a public product attribute, the basis of the final price is the cost.

Zheng Zhongwei said that as the scale of production and use expands, the prices of vaccines will change. Once the vaccine is conditionally approved for marketing, a corresponding pricing mechanism will be formed.

　　Is personal protection required after vaccination?

Zeng Yixin said that so far no vaccine has a 100% protection rate, therefore, after the vaccine is administered, the protection measures are not reduced to better ensure safety. After vaccination, everyone should continue to maintain personal protective measures, including good habits such as wearing masks, washing hands frequently, and maintaining social distance.

Cui Gang said that good personal protection has been shown to be very effective in preventing and controlling the new corona pneumonia epidemic in the early stage, including the long-term practice of disease prevention and control. Although vaccines have been arranged for some key populations first, other people who have not been vaccinated need not worry.