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Today is “United Nations Diabetes Day”. Every 6 seconds in the world, a person dies of diabetes. The number of diabetic patients in China ranks first in the world. The overall prevalence of diabetes in adults is 12.8% … Diabetes, the “silent killer”, has seriously endangered people’s health. And bring a heavy economic burden to society.
Data map: People queue to check in at a hospital outpatient building Photo by China News Agency reporter Yin Liqin
Nearly 130 million people with diabetes in China rank first in the world
This summer, “Yang Tianzheng Stomach” was once in the hot search. As a well-known actor in the entertainment industry, Yang Tianzhen announced to netizens on social platforms that, to treat diabetes, she chose to perform a “stomach cut” operation.
Yang Tianzhen wrote on Weibo: “I have been diabetic for six years.” Six years ago, Yang Tianzhen was 29 years old.
Due to the hidden symptoms, diabetes is also known as the “silent killer.” Its complications involve multiple organs such as blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and feet, causing disability and high fatality rate, seriously affecting the health of patients and bringing a heavy burden to individuals, families and society.
The worrying fact is that at present, the number of patients with diabetes in China ranks first in the world.
In April this year, the Chinese research team published the latest article from China’s epidemiological survey on diabetes online in the leading international medical journal BMJ. The survey results showed that, according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the overall prevalence of diabetes in Chinese adults was 12.8%. The total number of diabetic patients is approximately 129.8 million (70.4 million for men and 59.4 million for women); the prevalence rate of prediabetes is 35.2%.
Regarding the characteristics of the disease, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in China is 6.0% and the prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes is 6.8%. The prevalence of men is higher than that of women and increases with age. The diabetes awareness rate was 43.3%, the treatment rate was 49.0%, and the control rate was 49.4%.
Other data shows that around 834,000 people die from complications caused by diabetes each year in China.
Data map
What caused the “sweet trouble”?
There are three main forms of diabetes: type I, type II, and gestational diabetes.
The cause of type I diabetes is unknown. Patients are generally unable to secrete insulin on their own and require daily insulin injections to survive. Type II diabetes represents around 90% of diabetic patients in the world, and the two conditions of being overweight and sedentary have aggravated the demand for insulin from patients.
Type 2 diabetes used to occur only in adults and is now increasingly seen in children and adolescents. Gestational diabetes is a temporary symptom that occurs during pregnancy, but there is a long-term risk of type II diabetes.
Over time, high blood sugar can severely damage all major organ systems in the body, causing heart disease, stroke, nerve damage, kidney failure, blindness, impotence, and infections that can lead to amputation.
According to the basic information on prevention and treatment of diabetes issued by the National Health Commission, people at high risk of diabetes include overweight and obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes and history of baby birth giants (birth weight ≥ 4 kg).
In China, type II diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Among them, obesity is a major risk factor for type II diabetes.
However, data shows that from 2002 to 2012, the overweight rate of Chinese residents over the age of 18 increased from 22.8% to 30.1% and the obesity rate increased from 7.1% to 11.9 %. On the contrary, the general level of physical activity of the Chinese has decreased. From 1991 to the present, the total physical activity of adults has been reduced by almost half.
Regarding diet, according to data from the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the average daily intake of added sugar (mainly sucrose) in China is about 30g, and the intake of edible oil is of 42.1g, both higher than the World Health Organization and Recommended Intake in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese residents.
“There is 1 diabetic in 10 adults in China.” Zhu Dalong, president of the Diabetes Division of the Chinese Medical Association, previously reminded the media that the prevalence of prediabetes in China is high. If no intervention is required, these people will also join the “Diabetes Army.”
Data map: Yu Danfei photo, automatic dispenser
Carry out national prevention and treatment, reduce the price of hypoglycemic agents … the state will respond!
Diabetes has become a major public health problem that seriously endangers people’s health and places a heavy economic burden on society, and prevention and control work is urgent.
The “Healthy China Action (2019-2030)” has already proposed clear targets. By 2022 and 2030, the diabetes awareness rate of residents aged 18 and over will reach 50% and over and 60% and over respectively; standardized management of patients with diabetes Rates reached 60% and more and 70% and more respectively; the rate of diabetes treatment, diabetes control, and diabetes complication detection rates continued to increase.
In addition, the document also specifically mentions that primary health and medical institutions conducting national public health service projects must provide standardized health management services for patients with type II diabetes among permanent residents aged 35 years or older. in their jurisdictions, and to target groups at high risk for type II diabetes. Sexual health education.
Furthermore, for domestic patients, since the state organizes the procurement and implementation of medicines centrally, the prices of commonly used medicines for the treatment of diabetes have also fallen dramatically.
Taking the “flagship drug” metformin as an example, in the third batch of nationwide organized drug purchases, some companies reported a “floor price” of 0.015 yuan / tablet for 0.25 g of metformin tablets, a drop of more 90%. It is certainly a great benefit for patients.
Data Map: At the Wuchang Bridgehead of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, citizens are doing square dance to get fit Photo by China News Agency reporter Zhang Chang
What do you know about diabetes?
–What is the diabetes?
Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar caused by defects in the secretion and / or action of insulin.
The typical symptoms of diabetes are “three more and one less” (more drink, more food, more urine, weight loss). People who have typical symptoms of diabetes and meet any of the following conditions can be diagnosed as diabetes:
1. Blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol / L (200 mg / dl) at any time of the day;
2. Fasting blood glucose level ≥7.0mmol / L (126 mg / dl);
3. 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test Blood glucose level ≥ 11.1 mmol / L (200 mg / dl).
——What should be done to prevent diabetes?
1. Popularize knowledge about diabetes prevention.
2. Maintain a healthy lifestyle with a reasonable diet and regular exercise.
3. In healthy people, fasting blood glucose will be tested once a year starting at age 40. For people with prediabetes, it is recommended to test fasting blood glucose or blood glucose 2 hours after a meal every six months.
4. Intervene in the prediabetic population as soon as possible.
5. By controlling diet and exercise, bring the body mass index of overweight and obese people to or close to 24, or lose at least 7% of body weight, which can reduce risk of diabetes in people with prediabetes by 35-58%.
—— What does the comprehensive treatment of diabetic patients include?
1. Nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, drug therapy, health education, and blood glucose control are the five comprehensive diabetes treatment measures.
2. Diabetes patients take steps to lower blood sugar, lower blood pressure, adjust blood lipids and control weight, and correct bad habits, such as quitting smoking, restricting alcohol, controlling oil, reducing salt and increased physical activity, which can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes complications.
3. Self-care of diabetic patients is an effective way to control diabetes Self-monitoring of blood glucose should be performed under the guidance of professional doctors and / or nurses.
4. Actively treat diabetes, monitor the condition steadily, delay complications, and diabetes patients can enjoy life as normal people. (Reporter Zhang Ni)
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责编：丁玉冰 ]
