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A mushroom cloud appeared in the sky after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan, on August 9, 1945.
The United Nations “Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” (Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons) marked the beginning of a “new chapter in history.” Honduras became the 50th country to ratify the treaty, making the treaty meet the conditions for its formal entry into force.
The treaty will enter into force in 90 days.
However, the five recognized nuclear-weapon countries around the world, as well as the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, have not signed the treaty, so it is still doubtful what substantive effect the treaty may bring after its entry into force.
Content of the treaty
The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons was approved by 122 countries at the UN General Assembly in 2017, but for the treaty to take effect, at least 50 countries must ratify it.
The treaty restricts countries that ratify the treaty “under no circumstances will they develop, test, manufacture, produce or acquire, process or store nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices in any way.”
The treaty “completely outlaws” the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons and prohibits signatory countries from allowing “the deployment, installation or configuration of any nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive devices.”
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The Finn from the International Nuclear Abolition Movement applauds the entry into force of the treaty
International response
The International Movement for the Abolition of Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) declared that the “Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons” was ratified by the 50th country and was “a new chapter in the history of the abolition of nuclear weapons”.
The organization won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2017. Its leader, Beatrice Fihn, said that “decades of efforts have achieved what many people think is impossible: nuclear weapons have finally been banned.”
The UN Secretary General, Antonio Guterres, stated that the total elimination of nuclear weapons is the top priority of the United Nations for disarmament. The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons will enter into force on January 22, 2021. committed to “.
The top five nuclear nations, the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France and China, did not immediately respond to this, but the United States and the United Kingdom already opposed the treaty in 2017.
The British government declared at the time that the treaty would not help end the world’s nuclear weapons and would jeopardize the current Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty).
The United States also opposes the treaty, saying that signing the treaty endangers actual nuclear disarmament and therefore does not participate in negotiating the treaty.
The state of possession of nuclear weapons by countries in 2017 (Source: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. All figures are approximate; Israel has never admitted or denied possessing nuclear weapons) Russia: 7000; United States: 6,800; France: 300; China: 270; UK 215; Pakistan: 140; India: 130; Israel: 80; North Korea: 20
How many nuclear weapons are there in the world?
There are currently roughly 14,000 nuclear weapons in the world, but this has been drastically reduced from 70,000 in the mid-1980s.
Today, the vast majority of the world’s nuclear bombs are in the hands of the United States and Russia, followed by France, China, and the United Kingdom in that order. India, Pakistan, and North Korea also possess nuclear weapons. It is widely believed that Israel also possesses nuclear weapons, but Israel has never admitted or denied possessing nuclear weapons.
What other actions to abolish nuclear weapons?
Since the 1970s, 190 countries, including the United States, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, and China, have signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Its main objective is to reduce nuclear weapons and to prohibit other countries from acquiring nuclear weapons.
India, Pakistan and Israel have yet to sign the treaty, and North Korea withdrew from the treaty in 2003.
Russia and the United States signed the New Start Treaty in 2010, limiting the number of long-range nuclear warheads to no more than 1,550.
The treaty will be valid for 10 years after its entry into force in 2011 and will expire in February of next year. Currently, the United States and Russia are trying to extend the treaty.
