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Original title: The Second Outbreak of the Epidemic, Adjustment Response Measures of Various Countries
Recently, the epidemic situation in many countries has been rekindled and increased. The number of new cases in a single day in many European countries has repeatedly reached new highs, the number of new cases in a single day in the United States has remained high, and the epidemic in India, Nepal and other Asian countries is worrisome. To reduce the impact of the epidemic on the economy, many countries have adjusted their response measures, starting from the two aspects of preventing the epidemic and boosting the economy, in an effort to maintain and consolidate the results of the recovery previous economic.
The epidemic re-emerged in some areas
Since October, the temperature in the Northern Hemisphere has cooled, the epidemic situation in Europe has become increasingly serious, and the number of new cases in a single day in many countries has continued to reach new highs.
According to incomplete statistics, countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the Czech Republic, Poland and Romania have increased their number of confirmed cases in the last week. The number of new confirmed cases in the UK and France surpassed 100,000 in a single week. Among them, the number of new cases in France has exceeded 20,000 in a single day, which is a new record since the outbreak. Russian media said on the 9th that there were 12,126 new confirmed cases in Russia in the last 24 hours. The highest number of recently confirmed cases in Russia in a single day since the epidemic.
According to Reuters, on October 8, the number of confirmed cases in Europe surpassed 100,000 for the first time, a record since the outbreak. The cumulative number of confirmed cases in Europe represented more than 16% of the total number of confirmed cases reported globally, and the cumulative number of deaths accounted for almost 22% of the world total.
In regions such as the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South Asia, the epidemic has spread rapidly in many countries. The growing number of confirmed cases in Nepal and Malaysia set new national records last week; Although the general situation in South Korea and Japan continues to stabilize, the growth rate of confirmed cases has not shown a significant downward trend; the number of new cases in India surpassed 500,000 in one week, the highest in the world. More than 100,000 new cases are added every day and the cumulative number of confirmed cases has approached 7 million.
As of October 10, local time, the total number of confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia in Latin America and the Caribbean has exceeded 10 million, of which the accumulated number of cases in Brazil has exceeded 5.08 million, representing the half of the region, making it the third confirmed case in the world after the United States and India. Countries with more than 5 million cases.
In the United States, according to a CNN report at 10 local time, there has been an increase in confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia in various parts of the United States. According to data from Johns Hopkins University, a total of 57,420 new cases were reported on October 9, which is the highest number reported in a single day since August 14. The most recent forecast from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that by the end of this month, the number of deaths in the United States may rise to 233,000. Medical experts warned that with the arrival of the winter flu season, if adequate preventive measures are not taken, the situation in the United States will worsen.
According to the latest real-time statistics from the World Health Organization, at 9:40 p.m. on October 10, Beijing time, more than 36.75 million confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia have been registered worldwide. . Michael Ryan, head of emergencies at the World Health Organization, said on Oct. 5 that the most accurate estimate shows that around 10% of the world’s population may have been infected with the new corona virus. According to this estimate, the number of infected people worldwide currently exceeds 760 million, more than 20 times the number of confirmed cases reported.
Overweight Economic Support Measures
The world economy has been hit hard by the epidemic and countries have successively introduced supportive measures. As some measures are about to expire, some countries have indicated that they will introduce follow-up support measures.
Following local blockades in more and more cities, British Chancellor of the Exchequer Sunak announced a new plan for financial support. As of November 1, companies forced to close in England will reportedly be able to receive government subsidies, up to £ 3,000 per month, and employees forced to close companies will receive 67% of their salary. The measure is expected to last six months and will be adjusted according to the current situation every three months.
October is the last month of the “mandatory holiday plan”, and the UK is planning to launch a six-month “work support plan” from November. Under the plan, employees complete at least one-third of the work hours stipulated in the contract every day, and this part will be paid for by the employer. The remaining hours of work are paid by the government and employers each by one-third, meaning that employees will receive at least 77% of their full-time salary.
According to a report by the Greek “China-Greek Times” on October 4, the Greek Ministry of Finance plans to grant preferential loans to companies facing a survival crisis due to the impact of the epidemic or other natural disasters, and to some extent exempt at the first payment. The official said that the fourth round of loans will be launched around November and the policy will be further adjusted according to the specific situation of the company.
Fed Chairman Powell has repeatedly emphasized that support for economic measures has played a role and must continue to rise. He has repeatedly called for the fiscal stimulus to be strengthened. However, America’s new rescue plan has been delayed. Although the stimulus plan negotiations have restarted, the comprehensive stimulus plan appears to have been shelved and the focus of the negotiations is on the rescue plan for mass layoffs in the aviation industry.
The Bank of Australia recently revealed that in response to the first economic recession in 29 years, it has started to consider a negative interest rate policy. The RBA deputy governor, De Bell, confirmed that the negative interest rate policy is one of the four response options to the crisis studied by the Central Bank. Economists expect the Reserve Bank of Australia to cut interest rates to a new low of 0.1% at its October meeting.
In August this year, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a $ 1.46 trillion infrastructure project to boost the sluggish economy and allocated $ 2 billion to improve the healthcare system. Analysts believe that India’s current epidemic assistance only accounts for about 1% of its GDP, and the Indian government needs to do more, such as provide cash subsidies to the poor and other severely disadvantaged groups. However, it is difficult for India to be constrained by financial conditions. Introduce more stimulus measures.
In Latin America, many governments also face a dilemma. Despite the terrible epidemic, many Latin American countries still cannot stop their economic restart. The Peruvian government still intends to open seven archaeological sites in the Cusco region in October, and hopes to reopen Peru’s top tourist attractions, including the Inca civilization site of Machu Picchu in November. Brazil has successively opened various commercial activities. The six most affected regions of the state of São Paulo, including the capital São Paulo, have entered the “green phase” with more relaxed quarantine and epidemic prevention measures, and business activities have continued to relax.
Prevention and control measures emphasize relevance
The epidemic was “resurrected twice” and countries tend to toughen prevention measures for the epidemic. However, compared to the initial stage of the epidemic, countries are considering more strengthening personal measures to prevent the epidemic and are cautious with measures with greater economic impact such as “closures.”
Many European defense control restrictions are making a comeback, and the current restrictions are primarily aimed at areas with severe epidemics. After their annual bilateral summit held in Guarda, northern Portugal, on the 10th, Portugal and Spain declared that despite the recent rebound in the epidemic, the two parties will no longer close their borders due to the epidemic and will act accordingly. with the unified requirements of the European Union. . Germany is also considering strengthening epidemic prevention measures. The Italian government announced on the 7th the latest epidemic prevention and control measures, once again strengthening the prevention and control of epidemics at the national level and extending the national emergency until January 31, 2021.
Kruger, director of the European Regional Office of the World Health Organization, recently said that European countries are growing weary of the epidemic. The European Union calls on governments to increase publicity and raise awareness about the importance of maintaining social distance.
India, which has the highest number of new diagnoses per day in the world, announced a series of measures for the fifth phase of the shutdown, which will be implemented from October 15. A further lifting of the blockade also caused some concern.
The International Monetary Fund declared on October 8 that early implementation of a lockdown on the epidemic can greatly reduce infections and accelerate economic recovery. The data shows that the lockdown policy successfully reduced the infection rate during the epidemic. Although these policies have accelerated the economic recession, they are only short-term costs. Lowering the infection rate reduces people’s voluntary social distancing caused by fear of infection, which can lead to a faster economic recovery. IMF economists Francesco Grigory and Damiano Sandri said that implementing policies such as wearing masks, expanding the scope of testing and contact tracing can reduce economic costs and accelerate economic recovery. .
