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Original title: To fill the gap, the Long March 8 made its first flight
Source: Guangming Daily
At 12:37 p.m. on December 22, 19 degrees north latitude and 110 degrees east longitude, the first long March 8 flight test was successfully completed at China’s Wenchang space launch site.Aerospace Science and TechnologyThe new mid-size launch vehicle developed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology affiliated with Group Co., Ltd., this mission is a five-star arrow, including the No. 7 new technology verification satellite of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.
The successful first flight of the Long March 8 has filled the gap in the payload capacity of China’s sun synchronous orbit and created the conditions for future high-density launch missions in low and medium orbits.
Fill in the gaps and target the load capacity needs of sun synchronous orbit
In recent years, China’s aerospace industry has developed rapidly. New generation launch vehicles such as Long March 6, Long March 11, Long March 7 and Long March 5 have successively flown into space and achieved a series of global Beidou navigation networks, lunar exploration and exploration of Mars. Important results.
“The positioning and missions of the Long March launch vehicle series are different,” Chen Xiaofei, deputy chief designer of the Long March 8 launch vehicle, told reporters. “If you need to launch a mission in synchronous orbit with the sun of about 3 to 5 tons, the Great March 5 and the Great March 7 It is difficult to carry out the heavy tasks of the Great March 6 and the Great March 11. “
Satellites traveling in synchronous orbits with the sun will pass through the same location in the same direction at the same local time. Based on this characteristic, meteorological satellites, earth resource satellites, and photographic reconnaissance satellites generally choose orbits synchronous with the sun. Therefore, the construction of a new generation of mid-size launch vehicles to fill the gaps in the launch requirements of satellites in synchronous orbit to the sun has become an urgent problem that must be solved.
Market demand is also an important factor to promote the development of the Long March 8 project. According to Chen Xiaofei, before 2030, there will be a great demand for launching conventional medium spacecraft ranging from 1 to 8 tons, of which the 59% are required for launches from low to medium orbits, and 97% of launch missions can be performed by the Long March 8 launch vehicle. At the same time, the current launch of the constellation network has become a hot spot. It is estimated that around 2023, the launch of the constellation will arrive more than 10 times a year. The March 8 Long has an advantage as a strong competitor for the commercial launch.
“The long March 5 is called ‘Fat Five’, and the long March 8 also has a fancy name called ‘Kai 8.’ One is rapid development, and it only took 3 years from project development to launch; the other is fast performance, from contract signing to When the rocket leaves the factory, the compliance period is about 12 months; the third is fast launch, and the expected launch period is 10 days in the later period “. According to Duan Baocheng, deputy commander-in-chief of the Long March 8 carrier rocket, the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, especially the last two are correct The first-class international standard and cost reduction and increased efficiency have created the conditions to create an internationally competitive rocket.
Connecting the past and continuing, we carry out the innovation and verification of new technologies
As the rising star of a new generation of carrier rockets, March 8 long has inherited many technical achievements of active rockets and is a representative of China’s new generation of medium-size carrier rockets.
Song Zhengyu, chief designer of the long March 8 launch vehicle at the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, told reporters, “The Yaoyi long March 8 rocket has a two-and-a-half-stage configuration. The first stage of the rocket inherits the status of the first stage of the core from the long March 7, and the second stage inherits the long march. The three-stage status of the 3A series. This Long March 8 combined rocket fully inherits the results of development of the Long March 7 and Long March 3A, and their reliability has greatly improved. “
As the main rocket in low and medium orbit, the technological innovation and verification carried out by Long March 8 are equally striking. Xiao Yun, commander-in-chief of the Long March 8 rocket of the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, used two “firsts” to sum up: the Long March 8 Yaoyi rocket is the first domestic rocket to apply thrust adjustment technology. of the engine, and it is also the first undeveloped domestic rocket. A medium to large size rocket for modal testing of full rockets.
“Although the two boosters have been canceled at the central level, the speed of the long March 8th through the dense atmosphere and windy areas is still too fast. Like a car, there is a risk of rolling when it encounters too fast nozzle. So we used Engine Thrust Adjustment Technology coordinates the power of the Long March 7 and Long March 3A sub-assemblies, and adjusts thrust from 100% to 77.5% by means of a “throttle reduction “, allowing the rocket to pass slowly and safely in the windy zone.” Xiao Yun explain.
Going forward, gain experience in reusable rocket technologies
The successful launch of the Yaoyi Long March 8 rocket was only the starting point for a series of technical explorations on the Long March 8. Chen Xiaofei told reporters that this launch is a Long March 8 combined rocket, mainly inheriting the results of active rocket research. In the future, it will build a profitable and competitive integrated type through the integration of technology, economy, products and equipment. rocket.
Today, launch vehicle reuse remains a hot topic in the global aerospace field. Xiao Yun introduced that the Yaoyi Long March 8 rocket launched this time has carried out the verification of reusable technologies. For example, the rocket has been equipped with specific flaws. The ability to autonomously carry out attitude control rebuild and engine thrust adjustment technology has also been partially verified for the rear reusable engine technology.
Xiao Yun candidly said that there are still many technical problems that need to be solved in the reusable rocket, such as landing buffer, landing control and landing balance technology in the rocket recovery process. Once a breakthrough is made, it will also pave the way for the recovery and reuse of other rocket models.
In the future, the Long March 8 rocket will continue to play the role of a new generation of medium-sized main rockets, explore new technologies in flight, accumulate flight samples, and contribute to the development of China’s aerospace industry.
(Our reporter Qin Weili, our correspondent Wang Weitong)
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