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Xinhua News Agency, Changsha, November 2. Title: The hybrid rice yield in double season is 1530.76 kg per mu. Besides the record, there are these important meanings
Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhou Mian and Bai Tiantian
Yuan Longping-led hybrid rice double season yield in Qingzhu Village, Hengnan County, Hengyang City, Hunan Province on November 2 reached 1,530.76 kg per mu, including 619.06 kg of rice. early and third generation late hybrid rice variety “Sanyou No. 1” 911.7 kg, exceeding the expected target of 1,500 kg. Importance is more important than number: this production test fully demonstrates the characteristics of third-generation hybrid rice that is more in line with actual production, leading to further ensuring national food security.
Works well in extreme climates
In October last year, in the same plot, the third generation hybrid rice variety “Sanyou No. 1” tested this time achieved a yield of 1046.3 kg per mu. At that time, this “best student” “takes the test” as late one season rice, but today is the first time that his yield per mu as late double season rice is “only” 911.7 kg, which it’s even rarer.
First, the growth period of “Sanyou No. 1” as a double season late rice is one week shorter than that of a single season late rice. “It is like a student who reduces the review time before the exam.” Zhang Yuzhu, deputy director of the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, said that it is difficult for the actual yield of double season late rice to exceed 700 kg per mu. Today, ordinary farmers grow common varieties. The output of 550 kilograms per mu is the highest level.
Second, this year’s extremely low temperatures and the lack of sunshine generally found in the south have severely affected rice production. According to Li Qiusheng, an agronomist with the Hengnan County Rural and Agricultural Bureau, they compared the meteorological data and found that during the most critical period of rice growing, the effective light in the plots measured last year was 187.8 hours. , while this year only 43.85 hours. As for the accumulated temperature, this September also fell by more than 60 degrees Celsius compared to the same period last year.
“The characteristics of high yield, disease resistance, cold resistance and lodging resistance are the advantages that third generation hybrid rice generally has compared to the previous two generations. This is also the production test that can break the yield. double season per mu in the harsh conditions of extreme weather. The key reason for 1,500 kg, “said Li Xinqi, researcher at the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center and host of the third-generation hybrid rice project.
Letting farmers grow easily is comforting
It is an important direction for the Yuan Longping team to move the production of experts planted in the test field to the farmer’s production field to the greatest extent possible. Can ordinary farmers easily control third generation hybrid rice? Will the planted yield be significantly reduced?
Chen Taijia, a farmer from Qingzhu village, is the specific person in charge of the experimental field and has the most voice. Chen Taijia told reporters that although the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center gave him a technical plan, he organized the staff to implement fertilizer application and field management. “The amount of fertilizer used in the experimental field is not much higher than that of our usual agriculture, and I bought the fertilizer in the city agricultural material store,” Chen Taijia said, speaking of the cultivation level, it is considered that I am above the average in the whole village. .
Li Jianwu, director of the Department of Cultivation, Physiology and Ecology of the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, said that from planting to harvest, they only went to the experimental field twice, which is completely different from the long-term orientation. from a dedicated team in the past. “The most outstanding feature of third-generation hybrid rice is that it fully plays out its hybrid advantages, and its vigorous vitality can save farmers costs and energy,” Li Jianwu said.
“The planting environment in Qingzhu Village is not special, the altitude is less than 100 meters, and we have not taken special care with rice. The whole process is not much different from the normal planting of ordinary farmers,” Li said. Qiusheng.
It is worth the wait to ensure food safety
Ordinary people may ask this question: Academic Yuan Longping’s yield of hybrid rice per mu has already exceeded 1,000 kilograms. Wouldn’t it exceed 2,000 kilograms if planted for two seasons? Why is it necessary to address a problem with a double season yield of 1500 kg per mu?
“First of all, the varieties with a yield of more than 1,000 kilograms per mu are all one season rice, also called mid-season rice. According to the general practice and cultivation mode of rice producing areas in China , it is impossible to grow double season rice on the same farmland with a single rice crop. “Li Xinqi introduced that the yield of medium rice is generally higher than that of early rice and late rice compared to each other, but when combined, the yield of medium rice is greater than the sum of early rice and late rice.
Affected by factors such as the new corona pneumonia epidemic, the world’s food supply is in crisis. In this context, the country attaches great importance to expanding the acreage of double-crop rice this year. “In the past we used to say ‘ton of grain field’, which meant that the double season yield reached 1 ton per mu. This has been observed for a long time in farmers’ production fields, but is never It has achieved 1.5 tons. Therefore, the results of this production test are very important. Food safety is of great importance, “said Li Xinqi.
“Actually, the first rice varieties tested this time are not third-generation hybrid rice, but ordinary hybrid rice. Only late ‘Sanyou No. 1’ rice is.” Zhang Yuzhu said: “The third generation hybrid rice technology only entered field trials last year, and there are currently no suitable varieties for early planting of rice. We will advance the research step by step according to the ideas designed by the Academician Yuan Longping, and soon we will be able to select early varieties of rice for the third generation of hybrid rice. “
“Ms Yuan sets a very high goal every time, and we have to ‘take a leap’ to achieve it. In addition to growing early varieties of rice as soon as possible, current research on light and simplified cultivation of third-generation hybrid rice , weight reduction and drug reduction without reducing performance, etc. It’s in sync. ” Zhang Yuzhu said: “Only the higher we jump, the stronger the national food security.”
