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On October 29, Globalization Think Tank (CCG) and LinkedIn China (LinkedIn) jointly published the “Observation of University Alumni: Research and Prospects for Professional Development of Chinese University Graduates 2020” (hereinafter the “Report”) . Countries and regions are under effective control, and labor markets in various regions have also recovered to varying degrees. China is the first country to show positive growth. As of mid-June 2020, China’s employment rate has increased by about 11% compared to the same period last year.
The report noted that the proportion of U10 grade students who chose to pursue further studies between 2014 and 2019 reached 54.9%. Compared to entering the workplace, U10 grade students expect to improve their personal skills and competitiveness in the workplace through further study; Due to limited space for academic education, the proportion of PhD graduates who opt for employment exceeds 90%.
There are differences in the choice of direction of development between graduates of “double first class” colleges and universities in different cities. Among them, in cities with relatively high levels of development, undergraduate graduates are more willing to choose to continue their studies and enter the labor market after graduation; while in cities with relatively low levels of development, their undergraduate graduates are more inclined to opt for a job. The proportion of master’s graduates who choose to continue their studies is relatively high.
In general, “there is an imbalance between areas of employment and fields of employment for college graduates.” CCG Visiting Principal Investigator and Vice President of China Educational Development Strategy Society Zhou Mansheng said that university graduates are mainly concentrated in service industries such as finance in first-class cities.This involves factors such as the employment department , the influence of universities and the graduates’ own choices. The government should provide political support to establish and improve the educational network system and encourage graduates to work at the grassroots level in small and medium economic regions.
Demand for recruitment exceeds supply, increasing competitive pressureNational higher education presents challenges.The proportion of U10 graduates studying abroad continues to rise, with more than 70% of the total number of students studying abroad, and the United States remains the top destination country for study abroad. However, under the influence of immigration policies and flexible studies, more graduates choose to go to the UK, Hong Kong, France, Australia, Singapore, and other countries and regions to study further.
It should be noted that the proportion of U10 graduates who choose to pursue higher education from 2014 to 2018 has decreased year by year, and the proportion of those who choose employment has increased year by year; But in 2019 this situation has been reversed and the proportion of U10 graduates who choose to pursue advanced studies has appeared. Significant increase, the proportion increased by more than 11 percentage points, accounting for a third of the proportion.
Also, the talent return trend is obvious,Although more than 70% of graduates tend to go abroad in search of additional study options, more than 80% of graduates have their first job in China.The proportion of U10 graduates who are employed in China for the first time has increased year-over-year from 2014 to 2018, and the increase was particularly significant in 2018, from 73.5% to 83.0%.
U10 graduates of different educational levels have their own preferences in the selection of the national employment industry. The fields of employment of undergraduate and master’s graduates are more skewed towards applied industries, such as finance, consumer goods, and the media and communication industries. Graduates with doctoral degrees and above choose more professional fields to some extent, such as the medical and legal industries.
Among the top 10 industries for national employment, the software services and information technology industries are the most popular. From the perspective of the industrial distribution of the different academic qualifications, the labor fields of the undergraduate and master’s graduates are more skewed towards applied industries; while graduates with doctoral degrees and above correspond to some extent to more professional fields, such as medical treatment and law. The academic requirements are also relatively high.
Regarding the employment options of college graduates, Meng Xianbo, deputy director of the University Department of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League, believes that graduates should integrate their personal planning into national, economic and social development. In short, they must follow the industry, not the capital. Because capital behavior is short-term profit-seeking behavior and life planning is long-term plan.
Management and data skills are becoming representative skills in various industries. Management skills such as “management”, “project management”, “strategic planning”, and “leadership”, and data skills such as “Python”, “Java”, “C ++” and “data analysis” are the most representative of the hot industries of graduate employment U10 Sex skills.With the innovative development of the digital economy in China, data research and development needs will appear in more industries.
The technology industry pays more and more attention to professional skills and innovation. Data-related skills such as big data and artificial intelligence are emerging. Original core system operation and IT service management skills are being replaced; non-tech industries pay more attention to product value and professional service capabilities Management skills, such as leadership and strategic planning, are becoming increasingly important, and original market research and macro-management skills are declining .
Since the prevention and control of the epidemic in many countries are still in a difficult period, studying abroad will face the challenge of sustainable development, and the destination countries for study abroad can be further diversified. Furthermore, the epidemic has brought challenges and opportunities for the development and transformation of China’s industry. College graduates have become more flexible and diversified in their employment and entrepreneurship in the epidemic and post-epidemic era.
The report recommends that we should seize the opportunity to “return” overseas Chinese talents in the framework of China’s economic development and epidemic, establish a long-term talent introduction mechanism to attract more overseas Chinese talents to return to the country in search of employment and entrepreneurship, and encourage the reform of employment models through institutional innovations to provide flexibility for university graduates. Provide political support for employment and innovation and entrepreneurship. At the same time, actively explore the coupling mechanism of domestic and foreign educational systems, accelerate and expand the opening of education to the outside world, and create the conditions for the diversified choice of study destinations abroad and the international development of schools. Chinese college graduates.
(Edit: Wen Jing)
