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Original Title: Relocation Homes Hit the Road to Happiness (New Economic Orientation Decisive Victory Over Poverty Alleviation)
Basic reading
The Yunnan provincial government recently announced that nine impoverished counties (cities), including Zhenxiong County and Huize County, have been removed from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties. Until now, the number of impoverished counties in the country once ranked first in the country and has historically said goodbye to absolute poverty that lasted a thousand years.
Stepping out of the poor and cutting the roots of poverty, Yunnan implemented large-scale poverty alleviation and relocation projects, and hundreds of thousands of poor people made the leap from deep mountains to cities and towns. Living in a new house, having a new industry, and opening up to impoverished people, you not only have a prosperous new life, but also a vast new world of struggle.
As a result, hundreds of thousands of impoverished people in Yunnan have moved to the city due to water and soil shortages. In many counties and cities, thousands or even tens of thousands of people have moved to resettlement communities. What does this mean for local social governance and economic development? The reporter went to Zhenxiong County, Zhaotong City, the most populous county in Yunnan, to enter the community and run shops to see the new livelihoods of relocated households.
Training and motivation of staff
The employability of migrant workers has improved
During the e-commerce training period, the journalist met Chen Fujun, a poor household in Houcao Village, Muxiang City. Instead of receiving a salary of 260 yuan a day, he chose to train with a subsidy of only 60 yuan. Ask if the training is helpful. “If you don’t learn, how do you know if it’s useful? Only if you have to offer it, can you get something.”
After moving to the city, Chen Fujun, who used to regard the land as his life, changed his mind. “If you grow corn and potatoes, you won’t be hungry. But if people are tied down by the land, they actually lose 100 yuan per worker.”
Rural areas seem to cost less, but before the waterway was blocked, a lot of labor was required to complete it. Chen Fujun said that although the city’s water, electricity and transportation costs are paid for by yourself, they don’t need to be managed and can free up time to focus on work.
The relocation has given Chen Fujun an income from part-time work, and his job at the construction site last year has given him more confidence. “At first, I begged my boss to let me be a general worker. The salary is 180 yuan a day. Now it is 260 yuan a day.
“In the hiring process, employability has also improved.” Wang Wanhui, director of the County Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, said that as a populated county, migrant workers account for more than 80% of the income of the poor in Zhenxiong.
Wang Wanhui introduced that through the organization of migrant workers, the county has continuously improved the level of care for migrant workers to work outside the home. Some cadres even eat, live and work for a month to guarantee stable jobs. “At the beginning of the ‘nanny service’, we must now pay attention to avoid making migrant workers too dependent on the government and letting them integrate into the local area as soon as possible and develop independently.”
Due to poverty, Feng Dengyou dropped out of the second year of high school. So that his three children could study, he and his wife came to the county to rent a house ahead of time for work. “There is only one wooden beam left in my thatched roof house. Thanks to the relocation, I have a house in the city.”
Today, one of the sons is admitted to the teaching post, one is a soldier and the other is a graduate student. With the improvement of family conditions, Feng Dengyou knows that he is grateful and became the head of the building, which brought more than 10 poor households to work nearby. “My son is good, and there is such a spacious house. Isn’t it a good day?”
Population concentration and income growth
There is room for the development of the life service industry
The higher the income, the more you dare to spend the money. Chen Fujun said that in the past, in the village, he could only buy clothes for his children on New Year’s Day.
“The spending of poor households is actually the income of surrounding businesses.” Zhao Gang, deputy director of the Jiufu Street Office, said that in addition to kindergartens and schools, shops were also built at the relocation sites.
Originally, there were 20 or 30 households in a village and a commissary was not needed. Once in the city, the community of 10,000 people needs a supermarket. With the agglomeration of the population, life service industries such as supermarkets, hairdressers and restaurants have developed.
Lei Jiaming, a young man, opened a hair salon nearby. He confessed that the first two years of activity were really difficult. “The young still go out to work, and the remaining elderly and children will basically not do high-value projects like beauty.”
However, he is optimistic about the future. “I just moved to the city and everyone is still adjusting. After a year or two, income will increase and consumption habits will change, and they will dare to spend money. Some young people who have learned technology abroad will choose to return and develop like me. “
The emergence of entrepreneurs has also created more jobs. “There are 5 employees in our poor family store. The apprentices earn between 1,700 and 1,800 yuan a month and 3,000 to 5,000 yuan after being converted,” Lei Jiaming said.
Hairdressers, restaurants, supermarkets, fruit stands … The concentration of population brings more opportunities, but it is not easy to survive in the market. The reporter randomly visited the farmers market and discovered that the merchants’ businesses were somewhat different.
Vegetables sell well, but Chen Yongguo, the owner of the greengrocer, is a bit worried. “The old man from the mountain had never seen so many fruits. Once he sold coconuts, but the old man said that he did not recognize them, that he did not know if he could eat them and was afraid to buy them.”
Nuts sell well. Zhai Changlong, who sells melon seeds, said the main reason for selling melon seeds is that they have a long shelf life and can survive. “The whole market, my family sells melon seeds. You have to think about it in advance.”
The owner of the grilled fish shop reported that business is normal, but it is difficult to find one during festivals. “Young people like to dine when they return from vacation. The elderly are still reluctant to eat out.”
The local government supports poor households in doing business by reducing or exempting store rents. “Doing business slowly, the key is to look to the future.” Lei Jiaming has now opened a second store, which is also next to the settlement.
Sufficient manpower, political support
Labor-intensive industries show promise
Zhenxiong native Sun Liangjian returned home from Guangdong not long ago and founded Yunnan Xuntong Electronics Company, which is mainly engaged in data line processing.
There are tax incentives and the government subsidizes the wages of some poor households, but what it values most are labor resources. “In the eastern coastal areas, there are often orders, but you can’t recruit people.” Sun Liangjian said that in his hometown, how many workers are needed, as long as he tells the community, he will soon be in place.
It is necessary to improve the competence of Zhenxiong workers, but Sun Liangjian feels that he must persist in returning to his hometown to establish a factory. “A small loss in the first two years will be enough. Train the skilled workers first.”
Peng Cong, director of Yunnan Zhongrun Apparel Company, also decided to return home to start a business. She said the four workshops are scattered around the relocation and resettlement sites to make it easier for women left behind to work nearby. 95% of the factory’s employees are abandoned women and most of them are poor households. “Workers are now a scarce resource and labor-intensive industries have prospects in the western region.”
Compared to the east, the western region is more “welcoming” to labor-intensive industries in policy terms, and costs such as rent have also dropped significantly. “The logistics costs have increased slightly and the level of labor competition is not as good as in the east. But after two or three years, with the improvement of the level of labor, the garment processing industry of Zhenxiong will have more advantages. Now it is mainly engaged in low-end products. Gradually develop high-end products, “said Peng Cong.
Working in Fujian earns more than 7,000 yuan a month, and the poverty alleviation workshop in his hometown can only earn between 4,000 and 5,000 yuan, but Hu Guilin, a poor householder, decided to stay. “Being able to care for the two children, she went out for fear of delaying their education.” Lei Jiaming’s first job was an assembly line worker, but she felt she couldn’t grow and eventually switched to beauty salons. In the opinion of Zhao Gaoyan, secretary of the Nanyuan Community Party Branch on Jiufu Street, young people are different now than before. “The choice of work depends not only on the amount of money you make, but also on the impact on your family and your life.”
