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Original title: Ecological management of Lake Wuliangsuhai in Inner Mongolia: working outside the lake and seeing results inside the lake
Xinhua News Agency, Hohhot, November 18 (Reporter Jia Lijun) In early winter, the sky is high and the clouds are pale. In the city of Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Wuliangsu’s water is blue with blue skies, reeds sway, birds fly and are full of vitality.
Wuliangsuhai, which means “Hongliu Lake” in Mongolian, is the largest freshwater lake in the Yellow River basin. The lake was originally the old course of the Yellow River and was formed after the main course of the Yellow River moved south into the Hetao area in 1850.
According to Du Zhangui, director of the Wuliangsuhai Ecological Protection Center, after the 1990s, due to the reduction of the natural water supply, coupled with factors such as industrial and agricultural drainage, the ecological function of the lake seriously deteriorated. In recent years, with strong support from the state and autonomous region, Bayannaoer City has actively promoted the comprehensive management of Wuliangsuhai.
First, the Ulan Buhe Desert in the upper reaches of the Wuliangsu Sea was thoroughly monitored. A total of 1,087 million mu of sand control was completed and 154 kilometers of windbreaking and sand fixing forest strips were renovated and rebuilt. This effectively stopped the invasion of the desert to the east and prevented the ingress of sediment from the Yellow River due to erosion. Plain of Hetao.
At the same time, promote the construction of sewage treatment plants, reclaimed water plants and sewer pipe networks in the upper reaches of Lake Wuliangsuhai and the surrounding towns and industrial parks, and make every effort to use reclaimed water for industrial water, garden water, landscape water and diverse urban water; The unused intermediate water is led to the wetland at the entrance of the Wuliangsu Sea for purification and improvement, and then enters the lake after reaching the standard, so that the point source pollution problem is basically solved.
In addition, in Hetao Irrigation District, the “Four Controls” actions have been carried out to control fertilizers and increase efficiency, control pesticides, reduce water consumption and control membranes to guide companies. and farmers towards organic production, reducing pollution from agricultural non-point sources and improving access to the lake. Water quality.
In addition, with the strong support of the Yellow River Water Conservation Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources and the Department of Water Resources of the Autonomous Region, the city of Bayannaoer used the existing irrigation and drainage canals to provide an ecological replenishment of emergency water to the Wuliangsu Sea. Between them, in 2018 and 2019, 594 million cubic meters and 615 million cubic meters of water were supplied from the Yellow River to the Wuliangsu Sea, respectively. So far this year, 552 million cubic meters of water have been supplied, which has played an important role in the ecological improvement of the Wuliangsu Sea.
Liu Wenyu, deputy director of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Development and Reform Commission, said that at present, the overall water quality of Wuliangsuhai has steadily improved from below category five to category five, and some are better than category five.
“The city views the Wuliangsuhai river basin as a community of life, comprehensive measures are implemented to treat both the symptoms and the root causes.” Du Zhangui said that the local government adhered to the idea and approach that “problems in the lake should be managed outside the lake”, and the solution should simply be “governance”. “Lake” is transformed into a systematic “watershed management”, taking the path of high-quality development guided by ecological priority and green development. At present, the Wuliangsu marine area covers an area of 293 square kilometers and the maximum water depth is about 4 meters. There are more fish and more birds. There are 22 species of fish and 264 species of birds.
