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Original title: Document no. 1 has been focusing on “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” issues for 18 consecutive years and will apply negative list management on rural livestock building land
This newspaper (chinatimes.net.cn) reports Yang Shisheng from Beijing
On February 21, the “Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensive Promotion of Rural Revitalization and Acceleration of Agricultural and Rural Modernization” were authorized (i.e. Central Document No. 1 issued in 2021) for release by the Xinhua News Agency. This document consists of five parts, including: general requirements, achieve effective integration of consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation results with rural revitalization, accelerate agricultural modernization, vigorously implement rural construction actions, and strengthen leadership. general of the party of the “three rural areas” works.
This is the first Central Document No. 1 in the period of the “XIV Five-Year Plan”, and it is also the eighteenth consecutive year that the Central Government Document No. 1 focuses on the “three rural issues.” Document No. 1 establishes general provisions to prioritize the development of agricultural and rural areas in the new stage of development and comprehensively promote rural revitalization. It indicates the current and future work direction of the “three rural areas” and is closely related to destiny and development.
“Document No. 1 established the strategic goal of ‘using the power of the whole party and society to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, so that the majority of farmers can live a better life’, and determine ‘comprehensively promote rural revitalization as an important part of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Mission’ and propose specific measures, unprecedented in intensity and of great historical importance. ”On February 21, Wang Xiaoyu, Undersecretary General of the Heilongjiang Alliance Food Industry, which has been studying rural markets for a long time, told a China Times reporter.
Compared to previous years, “this year’s document No. 1 is different in structure from the previous one, with relatively fewer sections and more focused tasks. The most important starting point is to comprehensively promote rural revitalization.” On February 21, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs investigated the center’s associate researcher Liu Wenjie explained this to the China Times reporter.
The most important starting point is rural revitalization
Liu Wenjie believes that the background for the issuance of Document No. 1 this year is different. “This year’s document was drafted in the special time node of the intersection of two 100 years of history. The construction of a moderately prosperous society in all respects has achieved historic achievements, has achieved a decisive victory in poverty alleviation and has achieved the first century. Old goal as planned. The new journey of building a modern socialist country is advancing towards the goal of the second centenary. This year is also the beginning of the “XIV Five-Year Plan.” and time, it is necessary to re-understand the “rural three” in the historical positioning and the strategic positioning of the new stage of development “. Liu Wenjie said that the focus of work in the past was poverty alleviation. Document No. 1 this year re-mobilized rural revitalization, which is a feature.
In addition, “If the nation is to rejuvenate, the village must rejuvenate itself. Compared to the previous document, the tasks of this year’s document No. 1 are more concentrated.” Liu Wenjie pointed out that this year’s No. 1’s key tasks are more concentrated. 1 document are more concentrated and the most important starting point is to comprehensively promote rural revitalization. In terms of content, there are several differences: first, the “XIV Five-Year Plan” has started well and the indicators of agricultural and rural modernization have been further refined: that is, to promote quality and high-efficiency agriculture, livable and viable rural areas and farmers Wealth and wealth; second, the deployment and implementation of effective linkage tasks, which require consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation and effective linkage of rural revitalization, and no large-scale return to poverty, this is a task fundamental for this year; third, stabilize production and supply as the “three rural problems” this year “The second fundamental objective to be maintained is to understand the two key points of arable land and seeds; fourth, the implementation of rural construction actions requires that county area is implemented, and county area infrastructure, utilities, basic agricultural land, ecological protection and design of the Esperen people, in addition to traditional infrastructure, public services, human settlements, etc. , it is required to focus on construction, it is also proposed to strongly develop mathematical rural construction.
Coincidentally, Ye Qing, deputy director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of Statistics, also told the China Times that the Central Document No. 1 in 2021 is groundbreaking and that the status of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” is higher than ever. . For example, we must persist in solving the problems of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”. The problem is the top priority of the whole party’s work; The comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization is an important task to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the whole party and the whole society should be used to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, so that the majority of farmers can live a better life.
According to Zhang Hongyu, Vice Dean of the China Rural Research Institute at Tsinghua University, my country has made world-famous achievements in poverty alleviation in 2020, but poverty alleviation is not the end. Rather, rural revitalization is a more comprehensive and inclusive and long-term endeavor. “The key to poverty alleviation is how the 98.99 million absolutely poor people can fully solve their poverty alleviation problems, and how rural revitalization enables all farmers to achieve high-quality and high-quality agriculture. efficiency, livable and viable rural areas, and prosperity for farmers in rural revitalization. Abundance has the characteristics of comprehensiveness and inclusiveness, “said Zhang Hongyu.
Carry out pilot rural land reform projects with caution.
Land is the lifeblood of farmers.
“The objective of Document No. 1 is very clear.” Ye Qing believes that in order to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation and effectively connect with rural revitalization, it is necessary to comprehensively promote rural revitalization.New industryAll of this is inseparable from the land.
Document No. 1 proposes to carry out an orderly extension of the second round of land contracting for another 30 years after the expiration of the trial, to maintain a stable and long-term rural land contracting relationship, and improve the transfer of land management rights. service system.
In terms of family property management, the document specifically mentions the need to explore effective ways for the separation of family property, qualification rights and use rights (separation of three rights).
When referring to the issue of rural reform, the document has repeatedly used words such as “exploration”, “stable and cautious”, as when mentioning the entry to the market of construction land of rural collective exploitation, it is necessary to “proactively explore and implement” ; mention decentralization of agriculture from recreational tourism Design should “explore new flexible methods”; when it comes to pilot reform of the family housing system, it must be “progressively advanced”. “This means that in the process of advancing reforms in the future, more pilot projects will be introduced one after another.” Li Guoxiang, director of the Macroeconomic Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told a China Times reporter.
Our reporter compared document No. 1 from previous years and found that document No. 1 of this year, on the basis of actively exploring the implementation of rural collective operation construction land in the market, added the sentence “Improve the policy revitalization of the construction land stock and implement negative list management. “.
“The implementation of negative list management is essentially to relax the use of methods, that is, everything that is off the list can be done,” said Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economic Research Department at the Research Center. for the Development of the Council of State. , “The so-called negative list means that the collective ownership of the land cannot be changed. The interests of the farmers must be protected.”
Regarding farms, “the standardization of the implementation of daily registration and certification work for housing and land integration farms” first appeared in Central Document No. 1.Ye Xingqing noted that the so-called “integration of premises and land “was proposed in response to some cases of non-integration of premises and land in practice. This regulation further clarifies the ownership of farms and rural houses.
Our reporter also noted that “cultivated land” is also a keyword in this document. Document No. 1 emphasizes that the strictest arable land protection system must be implemented by taking measures to “grow teeth.” Strictly control the occupation of cultivated land for non-agricultural construction, resolutely curb “no agriculture” of cultivated land and prevent “no grain”.
“Arable land is not allowed, and every inch of land must be contested.” Five red lines must be respected, that is, 1.8 billion mu of arable land cannot be broken at any time; 1,750 million mu of large area planted with grains It must be ensured; 800 million mu of wheat and rice must be planted Area; 1 billion mu of high-level farmland will be built next year for droughts and floods to ensure harvest; the functional areas of grain production must guarantee more than 90% of the grains. “Zhang Hongyu said.
Regarding the steady progress of the pilot reform of the rural property system, Dang Guoying, a researcher at the Rural Development Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also noted that the central government has repeatedly emphasized that the withdrawal of land and property hired Not to be used as a restriction for farmers to settle in cities. The intent of the policy is very clear. Therefore, all localities cannot and dare to impose such restrictions on the entry of peasants into cities and settlements.
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