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Deep space maneuver
The deep space maneuver refers to an orbital change maneuver implemented in the fire transfer section from the ground. Through the maneuver in deep space, the original flight speed and direction of the probe can be changed so that it can smoothly fly to Mars along the orbit after the orbit change.
The execution of maneuvers in deep space is the result of joint optimization of the ballistics of the launch vehicle orbit and the ground fire transfer path, which can improve the launch capacity of the aircraft carrier and increase the launch quality of the detector, so that the detector can carry more propellant and better complete the detection. task.
Detector “Tianwen One”
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 9. The reporter learned from the National Space Administration that at 23:00 on October 9, under the control of the flight control team of China’s first Mars exploration mission, the main engine of the “Tianwen- 1 “ran smoothly for more than 480 seconds. Complete maneuvers in deep space.
“It’s like turning the wheel to change lanes when a car goes from one highway to another.” According to experts, to reduce flight deviation, the trajectory control that the probe performs to fly along a predetermined trajectory is called correction. The orbit control of changing the current orbit of the probe to a new orbit is called a maneuver. The orbital maneuver was carried out in deep space approximately 29.4 million kilometers from Earth.
At this point, the probe’s orbit has become an orbit that Mars can accurately capture and that intersects with Mars. Since the maneuver in deep space, “Tianwen-1” has flown for more than 78 days and is located more than 29 million kilometers from Earth. The probe systems are currently in good condition. For China’s first Mars exploration mission, this deep space maneuver is of great importance.
In the future, the probe will meet Mars about four months after its current orbit, during which two or three intermediate corrections will be implemented.
How difficult is it?
Aiming error control at about 200 kilometers of about 300 million kilometers
Executing deep space maneuver missions requires the flight control team to formulate a deep space maneuver orbital change strategy based on the scheduled arrival time, orbital parameters, and orbit determination parameters. Real-time control and measurement to complete the corresponding probe attitude and orbit control to ensure that the probe is in position after deep space maneuver. In an orbit that precisely intersects Mars.
In order to complete the precise determination of the orbit of the terrestrial measurement and control and the precise and autonomous orbital control of the detector, during this maneuver in deep space, the task of determining the orbit of the terrestrial detector was completed in conjunction with the China’s deep space measurement and control station and observatory, which accurately secured the detector. The demand for a precise orbit determination for the change of orbit.
During this maneuver in deep space, the orbiter was about 300 million kilometers from the target position on Mars, with an error control of about 200 kilometers. This is equivalent to aiming at a target about 0.8 meters in diameter from Beijing about 1,200 kilometers from Shanghai. The difficulty of execution can be imagined. .
With the tireless efforts of the flight control team, the actual precision of deep space maneuver control is better than the design index. In the future, the staff will iteratively optimize the intermediate correction strategy according to the actual flight status of the probe and carry out preparations for the landing on Mars and subsequent scientific exploration.
What are the benefits?
Improve engine reliability and optimize detector arrival time
It is reported that by using deep space maneuvers for orbit design and orbit control, he not only successfully increased the amount of propellant carried by the probe, but also achieved three goals.
First, deep space maneuvers decompose a large catch speed increment into two relatively small speed increments, which is beneficial in reducing engine single duty time and ensuring engine reliability. At the same time, the implementation of maneuvers in deep space leads to the calibration of the 3000N engine. In the process, the thrust and specific impulse of the 3000N engine can be calibrated, and the precise engine calibration parameters can better ensure the accuracy of the Mars capture.
Furthermore, through maneuvers in deep space, the development team of the Eighth Mars Orbiter Academy has realized the optimization of the time of arrival of the probe, which can obtain more favorable lighting conditions and communication conditions in the capture point, and also make the time Naruto experienced by the probe during capture (The time for the probe to enter the shadow area where sunlight is blocked by Mars) and the communication blind zone is more short.Return to Sohu to see more
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