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Original title: You must pay attention to these new vaccines against coronavirus for all people
On March 14, community residents (right) asked medical staff about vaccination precautions at the new temporary corona vaccine vaccination site on Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing. Xinhua News Agency
Since my country’s first new coronavirus vaccine was conditionally marketed in late December 2020, relevant state departments have conducted vaccination work across the country. Among them, the new coronavirus vaccination work for key populations is progressing in an orderly manner.
What is the current progress of vaccination against the new coronavirus at the national level? Why cover more people? Is the safety of the vaccine guaranteed? What should I do if I have an adverse reaction? With these questions, the reporter interviewed relevant experts.
How is the vaccination situation?
—— A variety of vaccines are conditionally listed and 74.956 million doses have been vaccinated
After the outbreak of the new corona pneumonia epidemic, my country rapidly deployed multiple technical routes to develop vaccines. Currently, 5 vaccines have been approved for conditional marketing or emergency use, including 3 inactivated vaccines, 1 adenovirus vector vaccine, and 1 recombinant protein vaccine. Vaccination for key groups, high-risk groups, and other groups is being advanced.
According to data from the National Health Commission, as of March 14, 64.98 million vaccines against the new corona virus had been vaccinated throughout the country; As of midnight on March 20, a total of 74.956 million doses of vaccination had been reported. In less than a week, nearly 10 million people were vaccinated for the first time.
According to Wang Junzhi, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the composition of the inactivated vaccine is the closest to the natural structure of the virus. It is relatively stable, convenient to transport, and generally has a strong immune response. Generally, two doses immunization is used, which has good safety.
The adenovirus vector vaccine preparation process is relatively simple and inexpensive. It has been successfully developed on the basis of my country’s original adenovirus type 5 Ebola vaccine. The vaccine can not only effectively induce the production of neutralizing antibodies, but also enhance cellular immunity. The immunization schedule adopted is a single injection vaccine, which is very suitable for emergency use for some special populations.
Recombinant vaccines express and purify pathogenic antigen proteins in genetically engineered cells and then prepare them into vaccines. Unlike vector adenovirus vaccines and inactivated vaccines, this is a new coronavirus vaccine developed by a new technical route with high safety.
Experts said that my country’s new coronavirus vaccine is highly accessible and safe, and citizens who are willing to get vaccinated can achieve vaccination. Under the premise that the safety of domestic vaccines is guaranteed, it is recommended that the public actively vaccinate domestic vaccines and establish their own immunity and protection.
Why cover more people ASAP?
——The vaccination rate in my country is still relatively low, and vaccination should be further accelerated to form an immune barrier
After the outbreak of the new corona pneumonia epidemic, my country has adopted decisive and effective prevention and control measures to successfully contain the spread of the epidemic, and important strategic results have been achieved in the prevention and control of the epidemic.
“From a global perspective, all major countries have taken vaccination as an effective means to finally defeat the epidemic, and all are promoting vaccination in a comprehensive manner,” said Mao Junfeng, deputy director of the Department of Consumer Goods Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
Feng Zijian, deputy director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that the current global epidemic still continues, and the vaccination rate in my country is still relatively low, and there is still a long way to go from a high level . level of immunity of the population. The entry of people from highly endemic areas or the entry of items still has the risk of spreading within our country, and vaccination must be further accelerated to form an immune barrier.
Feng Zijian emphasized that even people who have been infected or vaccinated in high-endemic countries cannot completely avoid infection. “Although the risk of disease will be greatly reduced, there is still the risk of reinfection. After entering the country, if not well prevented, it can cause transmission within the country.”
He Qinghua, CDC’s first-level inspector of the National Health Commission, pointed out that because the epidemic situation in my country has been effectively controlled, many people mistakenly believe that the epidemic situation is far away from them, and the urgency of vaccination is not too strong. He Qinghua urged that the new corona pneumonia epidemic is still in the global epidemic, that no one can be alone, and that vaccination is the most effective means of preventing and controlling the new corona pneumonia epidemic.
How to ensure the safety of the vaccine?
—— The origin of the vaccine can be verified and the destination can be traced. A relatively mature control system
Is the new coronavirus vaccine safe? This is the issue that most concerns the public with vaccines.
The reporter learned that current vaccination work for key populations in my country is being carried out in an orderly manner, and vaccination for high-risk groups (elderly, patients with underlying diseases, etc.) is also being implemented in some areas. Mi Feng, spokesman for the National Health Commission and deputy director of the Advertising Department, said that after clinical trials have obtained sufficient data on safety and effectiveness, the country will launch large-scale vaccination for the elderly over 60 years of age.
Li Bin, deputy director of the National Health Commission, pointed out that currently there are two main factors that affect the willingness of the population to vaccinate: one is that the prevention and control of the epidemic in my country is effective, and some people believe that the risk of contagion is low. , and there is no need for vaccination to temporarily increase protection; Since the new coronavirus vaccine is a recently marketed vaccine, some people are hoping to see more information about the effectiveness of the vaccine. Everyone is very concerned about the data on safety, efficacy, etc., and consider gaining more knowledge about the vaccine before vaccination.
Li Bin said the best way to prevent a new coronary pneumonia is to get vaccinated. Vaccination can reduce the rate of infection, the rate of severe illness, and the death rate; At the same time, the more people are vaccinated, the more people will have immunity, so that the spread of the new coronavirus among the population can be effectively controlled.
“From the perspective of the effect of vaccine use, the new coronavirus vaccines currently used in my country have been clinically studied according to specifications, and have been approved by the national drug regulatory authority. They can only be use after approval. strict inspections. ” Li Bin said in the storage and transportation of the vaccine During the process, it is required to periodically detect and record the temperature to ensure that the new coronavirus vaccine is in the specified temperature environment and relevant requirements for transportation throughout the storage and transportation process. “During the vaccination process, we have increased staff training, requiring medical personnel to strictly implement the ‘three checks, seven to one check’ operating procedures, and fully guarantee the effectiveness and safety of the vaccine through standardized operations. . With the new coronavirus vaccine With the full implementation of the vaccination work, the number of people to be vaccinated is also increasing. I think the effect of using the vaccine will be revealed even more. I hope that more people will actively participate in the vaccination work, so that the masses of people will be vaccinated as soon as possible. effect “.
What should I do if there is an adverse reaction?
——Existing data show that the vaccine is safe. The public should read the contraindications carefully before vaccination.
The safety of the vaccine is guaranteed So what should I do if there is an abnormal reaction?
In this regard, Li Bin said that the state organizes second-level and higher general hospitals to be responsible for medical treatment and support of vaccination sites, sending experienced emergency first aid personnel to carry the necessary medical equipment, medicines and others on the site. guarantees and dispatch of 120 ambulances on site. Strict training of personnel involved in medical treatment to ensure that suspected abnormal reactions can be identified and treated promptly. Unlock referral channels, set green channels for treatment, and organize treatment with all efforts.
He Qinghua pointed out that before getting vaccinated against the new coronavirus, the public should report their own conditions to their doctors. People who are allergic to the components of the vaccine, angioedema, dyspnea, epilepsy or other neurological diseases, a history of Guillain-Barré syndrome, and pregnant or lactating women should not be vaccinated against the new coronavirus vaccine.
According to Wang Huaqing, chief expert of the immunization program at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccines are foreign antigens to the human body. Due to the characteristics of the vaccines and individual differences, some adverse reactions may occur after vaccination, but the incidence of adverse reactions is generally low. The public should read the contraindications carefully before getting vaccinated, and if they have a medical or medication history, they should give honest feedback to the vaccinating physician. The current incidence of adverse reactions between the new coronavirus vaccine and previous vaccines is similar and there are no abnormalities.
“The adverse reactions that we now monitor mainly include local reactions and systemic reactions. Manifestations of local reactions are pain, redness and swelling after vaccination, and some induration, but these local reactions can heal on their own without treatment. The reactions Systemic drugs are relatively common. Yes, some have headaches and fatigue, and some have low-grade fever, “said Wang Huaqing.
Wang Huaqing said that my country has a strict and meticulous process of investigation and diagnosis of adverse reactions. If vaccinators come across suspected adverse reactions, they should seek medical treatment in time. In the process of diagnosis and treatment, if the doctor suspects it is caused by the vaccine, a report will be made. “If the report presents a suspected abnormal response to vaccination, which is suspected to be related to the vaccine, we will investigate the suspicions of more serious adverse reactions involved in the follow-up. During the investigation, supplementary inspections will be carried out for some cases. understand their vaccination. History, understand the occurrence of the entire disease, and finally a diagnosis by a team of experts. This requires a process and a certain amount of time. We will continue to track and evaluate these. “
(Our reporter Zhang Yaxiong)
