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This is a race against time. Scientists, medical scientists and public health experts from around the world have mobilized to inject the new corona vaccine into all human beings, so that our lives can return to normal as soon as possible.
Almost two months have passed since the start of the new corona vaccine, today 60 million people around the world have received the vaccine.
However, while countries are accelerating vaccination, we still have some unanswered questions about the new corona vaccine, and even some of the basic questions are unclear to us.
1. How long can the immunity of the vaccine be maintained?
After being infected with the new corona virus or vaccinated with the new corona vaccine, the question we are always looking for is how long can immunity be maintained.
One year after the outbreak of the new coronavirus, the first research report on medium and long-term immunity has been published.
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How long the protection provided by the vaccine lasts is still unknown.
According to research conducted by the La Jolla Institute for Immunology in California, people infected with the new coronavirus can maintain their immunity for at least 6 months after they have recovered.
This is roughly the same as the Public Health England findings, which indicated that most patients can maintain their immunity for at least 5 months after recovery.
Considering that the new coronavirus disease is still an epidemic that appeared only a year ago, scientists believe that immunity should be able to last longer, even several years.
The immunity provided by the vaccine is also approximately the same, but each person has a different body constitution. Perhaps some people can keep their immunity longer and some people can keep their immunity shorter.
Julian Tang, a virologist at the University of Leicester in the UK, said: “Vaccination work has just started, and it is difficult to determine how long the immunity will last. It will probably be between 6 and 12 months, but there are many. the type of vaccine “.
Andrew Badley, professor of molecular medicine at Mayo Clinic Medical Center in the United States, is more optimistic: “I think the efficacy and immunity of the vaccine can last for several years. Detailed analysis of cases of infection with variant strains and vaccination The subsequent reaction is also very important. “
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Immunity after vaccination depends on different vaccines and the personal immune response.
2. Will I still be infected with the new coronavirus after vaccination?
Strictly speaking, this is possible.
First, most vaccines will not produce protection until two to three weeks after vaccination. If you are exposed to the new coronavirus on the second day of vaccination, or a week later, you may still be infected. Spread the virus to other people.
Even if you are exposed to the new coronavirus a few weeks after vaccination, you cannot say that you will never become infected.
Andrew Badley, professor of molecular medicine at the Mayo Clinic in the United States, said existing data shows that some people who have been vaccinated can still become infected with the new corona virus, but compared to people who have not been vaccinated, the The amount of virus in their bodies is relatively small, their condition is milder, and the chance of transmitting the virus to other people is less.
The current consensus in the medical community is that no matter what type of vaccine, it can protect the vast majority of people, but the degree of protection against infection and the spread of the virus is still difficult to determine.
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London, social distancing remains an important means of fighting the epidemic
3. Is the vaccine also effective against mutated strains of the new coronavirus?
This is one of the concerns of many people, the virus has constantly changed to adapt to the environment, sometimes due to resistance to vaccines and mutations.
Mutant strains of the new coronavirus that emerged in the UK and South Africa have spread to other countries and are more difficult to treat because they are more infectious.
Modena Vaccine has stated that the vaccine remains effective against newly emerged mutant viruses in the UK and South Africa, but they will develop new vaccine components to improve protection.
The Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine also stated that it is effective against new mutant strains, but Professor Badley said that there is no 100% effective vaccine and that the degree of protection of the vaccine depends on the mutation of the virus.
In conclusion, governments and public health agencies in various countries will continue to monitor, pay close attention to whether new strains of mutant viruses exist, and assess whether existing vaccines and treatment methods are effective.
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At Amsterdam airport, the virus has mutated and many countries have begun to restrict the entry and exit of people.
4. How long and how many doses do I need to inoculate?
For example, the three vaccines from Pfizer / BioNTech, Modena, and Oxford / AstraZeneca all require two doses of vaccine.
At first, people were told to receive the second dose three to four weeks after the first dose of vaccine, depending on the tests of the different vaccines.
However, in late 2020, the British government announced that it would first expand the first dose of vaccination, allowing as many people as possible to receive the first dose of vaccine first and then receive the second dose of vaccine three months later.
The British government’s approach has sparked much discussion in the international community, but Pfizer and most people in the scientific community still expressed the need for vaccination in a clinically proven way, that is, the first dose and the first dose have 21 days apart.
The World Health Organization has also recommended that it is better to separate the two doses of vaccines in just 21 or 28 days and, in special circumstances, it can be extended up to 6 weeks.
