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Original title: Multiple reform measures will increase the size of the middle income group and expand Source: Economic Information Daily
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Multiple reform measures will increase the middle income group will expand
In the past year, China has withstood the “great test” of the epidemic. While the economy is recovering steadily, dividends from increased residents’ incomes continue to post. Recently, policy signals to raise the income level of the population and broaden the middle income group have been widely broadcast. The “Economic Information Daily” reporter learned that from the central to the local level, guided by the reform of the income distribution system, a package of “expansion” policies and measures will be implemented more quickly to promote continued growth of residents’ disposable income, increase support for key groups and improve Dividends can be expected as the level of equalization of public services.
“Before when I was away from home, I couldn’t raise my head when talking about Shibadong Village. Now local people proudly say that they are from Shibadong Village,” said Long Jilong, a representative of the Shibadong Village Committee. in Huayuan County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province. Compared to 2013, the per capita income of Shibadong Village has almost doubled by more than ten times. “Rural tourism is booming now, and Shibadong Village has become a tourist destination and a place for internet celebrities to check in. It is expected to receive more than 1 million tourists this year.”
This is just a microcosm. Looking ahead to 2020, the entire country has overcome difficulties and gradually weathered the impact of the epidemic with firm determination. Although the economy is recovering steadily, the income level of the population has continued to rise.
According to data from the National Statistics Office, in the first three quarters, the national disposable income per capita of residents was 23,781 yuan, a nominal increase of 3.9% over the same period last year, and the rate of nominal growth recovered by 1.5 percentage points from the first half of the year. Among them, the national per capita wage income of residents was 13,486 yuan, an increase of 3.6%, 1.1 percentage points faster than the first half of the year, which led to the national disposable income per capita to increase by 2.0 percentage points.
Chen Guangjin, director of the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that in 2019, national disposable income per capita, rural disposable income per capita, and urban disposable income per capita increased by 96.6% .80 , 1% and 104.1% respectively during 2010. At present, the objective of doubling the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents as of 2010 has been achieved.
“It is worth noting that the per capita disposable income of rural residents has grown faster than urban residents this year, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continues to narrow. The income ratio of urban and rural residents in the first three quarters of 2020 it was 2.67: 1, and in the same period of 2019, it was 2.75: 1. The gap between the two years has narrowed 0.08 times compared to the same period, “said Chen Guangjin.
This is inseparable from the continued release of dividends from the revenue growth policy. The journalist noted that since the beginning of this year, many localities have introduced income-increasing plans for farmers. Chongqing Municipality has issued “Specific Measures to Unleash the Potential and Promote Farmers’ Income Through Multiple Channels”, and has put forward 22 income-increasing measures for farmers to get their pockets out. ; Jiangxi Province issued the “Implementation Opinions on the Promotion of Stable Increase in Income of Rural Residents”, which clearly established the need to increase farmers ‘wage income, increase farmers’ operating income, increase income farmers ‘ownership and increase farmers’ transfer income.
The “Expand China” policy is expected to be intensively implemented
Recently, the policy signals to increase people’s income level and expand the middle income group are still spreading intensely.
The proposal of the “XIV Five-Year Plan” describes the construction map for the expansion of the middle income groups, including the improvement of the salary system, the improvement of the mechanism for reasonable salary growth, the focus on increasing the income of the groups of low income and expanding middle income groups. Improve the factor distribution policy system, improve the market mechanism to determine the remuneration of various factors of production and explore the use of land, capital and other factors to increase the income factor of low income groups and media. Increase the real estate income of urban and rural residents through multiple channels.
The Central Conference on Economic Work proposed “to optimize the income distribution structure, expand the middle income group, and strongly promote common prosperity.”
Tang Tao, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said at a press conference of the Information Office of the State Council a few days ago that it is necessary to promote the improvement of the treatment of qualified talents, including the treatment of workers qualified, to stimulate the vitality of talents and continuously unleash the domestic demand for economic growth. At the same time, it is necessary to promote 200 million skilled workers to become a middle-income group.
Localities are also accelerating deployment. For example, Hu Xuefeng, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Committee Reform Office in charge of daily work, said that in 2019, Beijing’s middle-income group accounted for about 55.8% of the permanent population. In the next step, the middle income group will continue to expand. Regarding specific measures, the adjustment of the industrial structure will drive the expansion of the middle-income group; It will deepen the reform of the income distribution system, study and formulate action plans for the sustained and stable growth of the disposable income per capita of residents, and improve the income distribution structure. Improve reasonable salary increase mechanism, etc .; improve the level of human capital of workers; increase support for key groups; increase protection for middle income groups.
According to Yang Xiuna, associate researcher at the State Council Development Research Center, in the comprehensive deepening of reforms, it is necessary to actively promote system reform and policy innovation around the expansion of middle-income groups . In future “expansion” policy design, it is necessary to formulate differentiated “expansion” strategies in response to the different problems faced by different middle-income groups.
“We must continue to implement tax reduction and burden reduction policies for low and middle income groups, employment and entrepreneurship support policies, skills enhancement policies and measures to increase income from residents. We must also improve various social security systems, such as health insurance, property insurance, and unemployment insurance. The community must improve the quality of education from the source, increase the proportion of middle to high-level employment, and adjust the industrial structure, “said Yang Xiuna.
Skilled workers and others will become the main force of the “expansion of China”
Industry experts said that with the deepening of income distribution reforms and the accelerated implementation of policies and measures for the “expansion of China”, the middle-income groups will accelerate the expansion, and migrant workers and skilled workers they will become the main force of “expansion”.
“According to the current standards of the National Statistics Office, the middle income group has reached 400 million people. During the period of the ‘XIV Five Year Plan’, it is expected that through a series of measures to improve the income distribution, another 200 million people can be added, “said Li Peilin, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. There are almost tens of millions of graduates each year, as well as skilled workers in the worker group, in addition to specialized farmers, a considerable number of them will enter the middle income group.
In terms of enhancing benefits for skilled workers, Zhang Lixin, Director of the Department of Vocational Skills Development at the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, revealed that companies will be encouraged to incorporate skills as a factor in the distribution of skills. employee income, whether it be base salary qualification, allowances, allowances, and performance rewards. Wait. “In the next step, we must continue to improve measures to encourage companies to improve the income distribution mechanism of their employees and promote the income distribution of the company to favor front-line employees.”
Li Shi, executive dean of the China Income Distribution Research Institute at Beijing Normal University, told the “Economic Information Daily” reporter that the key to “expanding China” is to target potential sources from middle-income groups. He believes that with China’s economic and social development, more and more low-income groups will turn into middle-income groups. These people include migrant workers, small and micro-enterprise employees and the self-employed, low-wage employees, diversified rural enterprises, and workers in municipal and village enterprises. Especially migrant workers in cities and towns, their number has accounted for about a third of urban employees and they have the greatest potential to enter the middle income group.
“It is necessary to actively promote a new type of people-centered urbanization, strengthen support for policies, and ensure that their employment remains stable, their careers are continually updated, their skills are continually improved, and they enjoy the same social security and services. basic public than urban employees, and strive to help them enter the middle-income group, “said Li Shi.
Reporting from Beijing by reporter Ban Juanjuan and Zhang Mo
【Edit: Tian Boqun】
