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The degree of administrative rationalization and decentralization was increased and the third negative list of market access was implemented. On December 26, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce issued the “Negative List of Market Access (2020 Edition)” (hereinafter, the “Negative List (2020 Edition)”) and implemented it from from the date of publication. Compared to China’s first “Negative List” published in 2018, the entry threshold configuration has undergone three rounds of adjustments in 2 years, and the “Negative List” items have also been reduced from 151 to 123 , a reduction rate of 18%.
According to Meng Wei, spokesman for the National Development and Reform Commission, the “Negative List (2020 Edition)” has published three measures, including the “Certification of Qualification of the Verification Institutions of Carbon Emissions Trade” and removed the ” Inspection License for Import and Export Products Inspection and Evaluation Companies “14 At the same time, he carefully added some elements such as” Measures related to the establishment and management of financial holding companies “and” No large-scale transfer of rights land management without permission. “
Liberalization of the “Qualification Certification for Carbon Emissions Trading Verification Institutions”
Last year, the “Negative List (2019 Edition)” liberalized measures such as “Approval of the qualification of technical fire service institutions”, “Approval of the establishment of institutions of evaluation of professional competencies”, “License for the establishment of care institutions for the elderly “and” Permits for the establishment of social welfare institutions “to further relax market standards. Inside. On this basis, the “Negative List (2020 Edition)” further liberalizes the three measures of “forest resource asset assessment project approval”, “mining rights assessment agency rating” and “verification agency rating carbon emissions trading “.
Take as an example the recent carbon emissions trading which has attracted a lot of market attention. On November 30, the spokesman for the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Liu Youbin, once stated that the “National Carbon Emissions Trading Management Measures (Trial)” had been publicly requested for comments and would be improved as soon as possible. possible. launching. This also means that China’s carbon emissions trading will also get out of the pilot and move towards normalization.
According to the “2020 China Carbon Price Survey Report” released on December 8, China’s major emitters are currently preparing to establish a carbon market, and the national carbon emissions trading system is expected to carbon matures and improves in the next five years. The report’s results show that among the 567 respondents from various industries, roughly half expect the domestic carbon market to start trading in 2021. The energy industry will be the first key area to be included in the transaction. Key emissions such as cement, steel, chemicals, electrolytic aluminum, etc. The industry is also expected to be included in the trading system. The industry suggests that companies included in the carbon emission system should carry out internal management and training on the relevant laws and regulations.
Although large investment banks such as Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs have entered the carbon dioxide emissions trading market, there are many reasons why a unified carbon trading market has not yet formed in the world. Furthermore, the previous US withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement has also affected carbon trading to some extent. The construction of the market. Opening the rating threshold this time has a more complementary effect, but it remains to be seen whether the carbon trading market can actually land in the future, “said Tang Dajie, director of the research department at the Saiyi Enterprise Research Institute.
Tang Dajie said: “The market should be open and active, and fewer entries on the ‘Negative List’ are also the general trend. However, national education, medical services and other key industries and state monopoly industries still have a limited market opening. In the future, the government will respond to the education market. There are adequate preparations for diversified needs, and medical reform should also actively introduce good investment institutions, operational institutions and outstanding talents in the context of marketing and the rule of law, and improving services through healthy competition. “
Strengthen the supervision of financial holding companies
“Most of the measures to be removed are those currently most strongly reflected in market entities and are also in line with the direction of building the national high-level market system. Once the relevant content is removed, It will help promote the continuous development of various companies in China and improve the overall operational efficiency of the market. ” Pang Chaoran, a research associate at the Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, said.
In accordance with the progress of the “delegation of control and service” reform, the new version of the list also eliminated the “inspection license for inspection and appraisal of import and export products”, “company registration license of customs declaration, “” approval of rating agency assessment for securities services business, “” directors of securities firms, supervisors and 14 management measures, including approval of the qualifications of senior management personnel.
However, in addition to the deletions mentioned above, the entry “Negative List (2020 Edition)” has also carefully added some items. It is understood that according to the “Decision of the State Council on the Implementation of Access Management of Financial Participation Companies”, the relevant management measures for the establishment of financial holding companies are included in the list. Pang Chaoran believes that the new measures mainly reflect changes in national laws and regulations and help improve supervision of the domestic market.
According to the requirements of the “Negative List (2020 Edition)”, no financial institution such as banks, securities, insurance, funds, etc. its shareholding structure will be established or changed without obtaining permission. It emphasizes the establishment of a financial holding company; change of name, address, share capital, shareholders and real controllers who own more than 5% of the share capital; modifications to the bylaws of the company; investment in other financial institutions; increase or decrease in capital contributions to controlled financial institutions o The participation ratio causes the change or loss of control; issues such as approval of the division, merger, dissolution or bankruptcy.
Previously, the “China Financial Stability Report (2018)” issued by the Central Bank showed that some non-financial companies have impure investment motives. They have rapidly expanded into the financial industry through false capital injections, leveraged funds, and connected transactions, while controlling multiple and multiple types of finances. Institutions, which form a financial group that operates in all fields, businesses, regions and borders, and risks continue to accumulate and be exposed.
“On the one hand, the” Negative List (2020 Edition) “raises the threshold of market access requirements for the establishment of financial holding companies, but on the other hand, the government has also affirmed the status of financial companies portfolio to some extent. While strengthening management, It also supports the promotion of the approval of relevant procedures for financial holding companies, “said Tang Dajie.
No large-scale transfer of land management rights without permission
It should be noted that in addition to the additional restrictions on the establishment of financial holding companies, the “Negative List (2020 Edition)” also added that “there are no permits or qualifications, no large-scale transfer of land management rights “, which requires industrial and commercial companies, etc. Acquisition of land management rights by equity capital through circulation requires a rating review or project review.
According to data previously released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, both the total amount and the proportion of cultivated land transferred by companies is increasing, and the role of industrial and commercial companies in the transfer of agricultural land has become increasingly most prominent. In 2014, the contracted land area of rural households transferred to enterprises in China reached 39 million mu. By mid-2017, this figure had risen to 52 million mu.
However, in recent years the problem of mismanagement of transferred lands on a large scale has frequently arisen. For example, at the end of 2018, nearly 8,000 acres of land were transferred in a certain city in Jiangxi, prompting complicated economic disputes after the introduction of aquatic products companies at the municipality and village level. More than 3,000 mu of basic agricultural land is reported to have been abandoned for over a year.
“Land transfer management has achieved a certain degree of large-scale development, breaking the status quo of the small peasant economy that has been operating for more than 30 years of the ‘household-linked production contract responsibility system’ , and has promoted the optimal allocation of factors of production such as land, capital and labor. However, despite the scale Circulation production efficiency has improved significantly, but operating efficiency has not been able to follow the growth rate of large-scale operations area, “said Wang Dong, chief financial officer of Tianjin Rural Property Rights Exchange.
On January 1 of this year, the “Measures for the Administration of the Circulation of Rural Land Management Rights” came into force. The document stipulates that industrial and commercial companies and other social capitals that obtain land management rights through circulation must file with the local popular government at the provincial or higher level depending on the territorial area. For projects with higher risks, such as the transfer of village-wide land management rights and the transfer of land management rights of 500 mu or more, a risk guarantee fund system should be established.
Wang Dong pointed out that the inclusion of land management rights for large-scale transfers in the “Negative List (2020 Edition)” is also out of the consideration of risk prevention and control of the transfer scale. From the aforementioned policy level, it can also be seen that the transfer of social capital, such as industrial and commercial enterprises Rural land management rights have shown a tendency of strict supervision. “Politics has always been encouraging moderate-scale operations. Going forward, issues like social capital will still need to determine the scale of the land based on their own resource endowments and operational characteristics.”
Beijing Business Daily reporter Tao Feng Liu HanlinReturn to Sohu to see more
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