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IN The sober regionals of Russia are again allowed. These can be found from the beginning of 2021.
They will work on the basis of a “public-private partnership”. The relevant legal amendments were signed by President Vladimir Putin, according to the official legal information website.
These centers will provide assistance to people who have fallen into “intoxication by alcohol, drugs or other toxins.”
The need for a legal change is justified by the following figures: alcoholism in Russia kills more than 50,000 people a year, most of them of working age.
Furthermore, drunkards on the streets are not only frequent victims of crime, but they are also prone to illegal activities: about 35 percent of all crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.
It is also claimed that in 2018, more than 1 million intoxicated people were registered on the streets, including 180,000 drunkards who were unable to move or orient themselves, writes Deutsche Welle.
The Interfax news agency clarifies that people with mild to moderate intoxication who do not need medical attention will be admitted to sobriety rooms. The rules for the operation of the centers will be developed jointly by three ministries: the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Labor.
Furthermore, in another document, Putin allowed the police to take drunk citizens not only to hospitals but also to sobriety stations; the relevant amendments are written in the Police Law.
The changes were submitted to the State Duma for consideration in 2019 and were adopted on December 22, 2020.
Ten years without sobriety
The sober system was created in the USSR, in the 30s of the last century, but the first centers of this type were discovered in the Russian Empire in the period 1902-1904, in Saratov, Kiev, Yaroslavl and Tula.
In Tula, the recovery center had two rooms: an outpatient clinic for alcoholics and a shelter for children whose parents abused alcohol. There were two staff members, a paramedic and a coachman, who roamed the city picking up drunkards.
In the sobriety ward, they gave patients free food and medical care in the form of cabbage soup and ammonia, and they gave camphor to people with heart problems. They stayed at the sobriety station for a few days and there was even a gramophone for their entertainment.
In the center’s first year of operation in Tula, the death rate from alcohol abuse dropped 1.7 times.
In 1917 all the sober ones were closed. The first Soviet sobriety station was discovered in Leningrad on November 14, 1931. Law enforcement officers rounded up the drunks on the streets and brought them to the sobriety rooms, where they were awakened and allowed to stay overnight if possible. .
In Soviet times, sobriety was an integral part of urban folklore: they were present in jokes and songs, they became the subject of cartoons and satirical works, they were reflected in such films as “Autumn Marathon” and “Afonya”.
In mid-October 2011, all medical stations specialized in recovery from drunkenness in Russia were liquidated and people in “state of intoxication” could only be transferred to hospital.
In 2010, the total number of sobriety stations in the country was 545. In 2009, a total of 2.5 million people entered them.
And how is it in other places
Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Czech Republic, Poland and several other countries continue to have facilities to recover. In Germany there are so-called “sobriety cells” in police stations and clinics.
In Bulgaria, the so-called “sobriety establishments” did not exist since March 2015, after this activity was withdrawn from the obligations of the Ministry of the Interior.
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