The model describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of extremely high density and high temperature. Detailed measurements of the rate of expansion of the universe place the event at about 13.8 billion years ago, which is considered to be the age of the universe.
Soon after the Big Bang, cosmic inflation transformed energy into matter and physicists thought that inflation produced the same amount of matter and antimaterial, destroying each other on contact.
But then something happened that tipped the scales in favor of the case, allowing anything we see and touch today to come – and a new study suggests that the explanation is hidden in very bright ripples in space-time.
Jeff Dror, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, said, “If you were just starting out with an equal component of matter and antimatter, you would just end up with nothing.”
The answer can name individuals, known as neutrinos, that have no electrical charge and thus can act as matter as antimatter.
The theory is that about a million years after the Big Bang, the universe cooled down and underwent a phase transition, an event similar to how boiling water turns liquid into gas.
This change prompted declining neutrinos to make more matter than antimatter by some “small, small amount,” according to the study published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
Dr Dror added: “There are no very simple ways – or almost all ways – to investigate [this theory] and understand when it actually happened in the early universe. “
But Dr Dror and his team devised a way in which we can see this phase transition in action today, and therefore give the hypothesis more credit.
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When the team modeled this hypothetical phase transition under various temperature conditions that could have occurred during this phase transition, they made an encouraging discovery.
They found that in any case cosmic strings would create gravitational waves that could be detected by future observers, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) of the European Space Agency.
Tanmay Vachaspati, a theoretical physicist at Arizona State University who was not part of the study, told Live Science in May: ‘If these strings are produced on sufficiently high energy scales, they will indeed produce gravitational waves that can are discovered by planned observers. ”
