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The rules of representation for a temporarily incapacitated American president were not formalized until the 1960s. The 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution, signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1967, stipulates, among other things, that business they can pass from the incumbent to the vice president, during a certain period of time or until further notice.
If a president is unwilling or unable to regulate his failure himself, the vice president and a majority of the cabinet members can notify Congress that the vice president will take office. However, this has not happened since the amendment went into effect.
The constitutional amendment also regulates the succession in the event of the death of the president: then the previous vice president has full powers. Johnson himself assumed the position of Vice President after the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963.
However, the electoral campaign is ongoing. Even if Mike Pence is the most likely option, Republicans would have to meet and elect a possible vice president. The closer to Election Day, the more chaotic that process would be. Millions of ballots would have to be reprinted and delivered.
