Fig. 1. The branches of our universe close immediately after the Big Bang appears to us as a black hole. (Credit: Kavali IPMU)
The Qawwali Institute for Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Qawwali IPMU) is home to many interdisciplinary projects that benefit from the harmonization of the different types of skills available in the organization. One such project is the study of black holes that formed in the early universe, before the birth of stars and galaxies.
Such primordial black holes (PBHs) may be responsible for all or part of a dark object, some may be responsible for signals of gravitational waves, and another a supermassive black hole found at the center of our galaxy and other galaxies. They can also play a role in the synthesis of heavier elements while neutrons collide with stars and destroy them, releasing material rich in neutrons. In particular, there is an attractive possibility that the mysterious dark matter, which accounts for most of the universe, is composed of ancient black holes. The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to theorist Roger Penrose and two astronomers, Reinhard Gonzalez and Andre Gaz, for their discoveries confirming the existence of black holes. Since black holes are known to exist in nature, they make a very attractive candidate for dark matter.
Recent advances in astronomical observations in the search for basic theory, astrophysics, and PBH have been made by an international team of particle physicists, cosmologists, and astronomers, including members of the Kavali IPMU, Alexander Lexa Kumasa, Msisao, Alexander Lexa, Kunsao, Kusenko.
Fig. 2. The Hyper Supreme-Cam (HSC) is a giant digital camera on the Subaru Telescope (Credit ： HSC Project / NAOJ).
To learn more about primitive black holes, the research team looked to the early universe for clues. The early universe was so ga ense that any positive density fluctuations greater than 50 percent create black holes. However, the cosmological arts that are constellations are very rare. Nevertheless, a number of processes in the early universe could create the right conditions to form black holes.
An exciting possibility is that the “baby universe” created during inflation could lead to an early black hole, a period of rapid expansion, which is believed to be responsible for the formations we observe today, such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies. During inflation, the baby universe can close the branch of our universe. A small child (or “daughter”) will eventually collapse the universe, but the energy released in small amounts forms a large black hole.
Even more bizarre destiny awaits the big baby universe. If it is larger than some critical size, Einstein’s theory of gravity allows the baby universe to be in a position that looks different to an observer inside and out. The inner observer sees it as an expanding universe, while the outer observer (like us) sees it as a black hole. In both cases, the large and small child universes are seen by us as primitive black holes, hiding the underlying structure of multiple universes behind their “event horizons”. The event horizon is a boundary below which everything, even light, is trapped and cannot escape the black hole.
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Fig. 3. Subaru Telescope in Hawaii. (Credit ： NOOJ)
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Fig. 4. If, according to the principle of gravity, an advance blackhole passes in front of a star with its light at the center, the star of the Andromeda Galaxy becomes temporarily brighter. (Credit: Kavali IPMU / HSC Collaboration)
In their paper, the team described the scene of the novel for PBH formation and showed that black holes from the “multiverse” scene, a huge digital camera can be found with the help of the.-M Subaru Telescope’s Hyper Supreme-K (M (HSC) – Management K Jenni Kavali IPMU has played a pivotal role – Mount of Near 200m Summit, Mauna Kea in Hawaii. Reported a major obstacle to survival.Nature astronomy 3, 524-534 (2019)
Why was HSC mandatory in this research? HSC has the unique ability to image the entire Andromeda Galaxy every few minutes. If a black hole passes through the line of sight of one of the stars, then the gravity of the black hole bends the light rays and for a short time the star appears brighter than before. The period of the star’s brightness is what astronomers call a mass of black holes. With HSC observations, one hundred million stars could be observed simultaneously, laying a huge net mesh for ancient black holes, which could visually cross a single line.
First HSC observations have reported the occurrence of a very interesting candidate consistent with the PBH of “Multiverse” with a black hole mass comparable to the lunar mass. Encouraged by this first sign, and driven by a new theoretical understanding, the team is conducting a new round of observations to expand the search and give a definitive test of whether PBH is responsible for all the dark matter from the multiverse view.
In search of primitive black holes
Alexander Lakes Kunder Kusenko et al, Exploring Primordial Black Holes from Multiverse with Ilicative Telescopes, Physical Review Letters (2020). DOI: 10.1103 / fizrivate.125.181304
Provided by the Kavali Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
Testimonial: Advance Black Holes and Dark Objects Discovery from Multiverse (December 28, 2020) (https://phys.org/news/2020-12-primordial-black-holes-dark-multiverse.html
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