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Nobel Literature 2020 belongs to the American poet Louise Glück
Lucky louiseBorn in 1943, he has won many important literary awards in the United States, including the National Medal of Humanities, the Pulitzer Prize, the National Book Prize, the National Book Critics Prize, and the Bollingen Prize.
In 2003 and 2004, she was honored as the Poet of the United States, the poet who officially represents America and American poetry.
Louise Glück’s poetry is often described as autobiographical; His work is emotional and often draws on myths, history or nature to convey modern life and personal experiences.
Louise Glück’s poetry also describes aspects of trauma, longing and essence, characterized by a direct expression of sadness and loneliness. Critics also spoke a lot about the construction of the “poetic personality” and the relationship between personal biography and the classical legend of Louise Glück’s poetry.
Louise Glück was born in New York City and had pathological anorexia when she was in high school, although she later recovered. She is currently a professor at Yale University and lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
This Nobel Committee election is perhaps a reminder that amid an era of confusion and confusion, social media, division, and polarization may be unprecedented in the world at this time, Examination. not only does it still have a place, but perhaps the only hope of salvation – even the only hope – for human life, however fragile it may be.
On November 27, 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his final will to spend most of his inheritance to award the Nobel Prize.
In the will, the Nobel Prize in Literature proposes to award “to the person born in the literary field the most outstanding work toward lofty ideals.”
From the first time in 1901 until now, Nobel literature has been awarded 112 times to 116 authors. There are six years of awards that have not been awarded due to the world wars: 1914, 1918, 1940, 1941, 1942 and 1943. The award was also not awarded in 1935, but the official reason was never announced.
One explanation is that that year, the Nobel Committee considered awarding the prize to French novelist Roger Martin du Gard, but he is writing volume seven of a fiction school and the committee has postponed it yet.
The last work was printed in November 1936 and it was not until 1937 that Du Gard received the prestigious Nobel Prize for Literature.
There are also four occasions when the Nobel Prize has been shared between two people.
Specifically in the years:
– 1904: Frédéric Mistral (French) and José Echegaray (Spain)
– 1917: Karl Gjellerup and Henrik Pontoppidan (both Danes)
– 1966: Shmuel Agnon (Israel) and Nelly Sachs (Germany – Sweden)
– 1974: Eyvind Johnson and Harry Martinson (both Sweden).
1974 was also the last time a Nobel Prize in literature was awarded to two people. The reason this award is rarely shared with other Nobel laureates “is probably due to the nature of literature.”
Scientific awards are often awarded collectively, because achievements are common or for those whose research is closely related, “explains the Nobel Prize website.
The youngest author ever awarded is the English poet and writer Rudyard Kipling (most famous for the history The Jungle Book). He received the award in 1907 at the age of 41.
The oldest person is Doris Lessing, British author – Zimbabwe, 88 years old when she received the award in 2007.
15 women received the Nobel Prize for literature, the first of whom was the Swedish writer Selma Lagerlöf in 1909 (5 years later, Lagerlöf himself was elected a member of the Swedish Academy). The most recent author to receive the award is Olga Tokarczuk, from Poland, in 2018.
There were also two writers who rejected the Nobel Prize, Boris Pasternak in 1958, who at first “accepted it, but was then pressured by the government of his country to reject it.”
French existentialist novelist Jean Paul Sartre rejected the 1964 Nobel Prize for Literature because “my unanimous position is to deny any official honor” (although sources say Sartre still asks if he still receives an award. That’s fine).
The only time the Nobel Prize was awarded to a deceased author was in 1931, the Swedish poet Erik Axel Karlfeldt. Karlfeldt died in April 1931, six months before the award was announced. Since 1974, the Nobel Foundation has officially stipulated that the award will not be awarded to the deceased.
In the past, a thorny problem with the award nomination and selection process was that the candidates and the academics at the same time, that is, “kicked the ball and blew the whistle.” The six Swedish authors who have received a Nobel Prize are members of the Academy.
Alfred Nobel had an international vision in his will from the beginning, stating that it did not matter the nationality of the recipient: the award would go to the most deserving, “Scandinavian or Scandinavian.” are not”.
However, the Nobel Prize for Literature has so far been awarded to 29 authors in English, 15 in French and 14 in German, also the three main languages on the list of awards.
One of the most interesting facts about Nobel literature is that while many still think that the late British Prime Minister Winston Churchill received the Nobel Peace Prize, he actually received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953.
In the period 1945-1953, Churchill was nominated 21 times for the Nobel Prize for literature, but only twice for the Nobel Peace Prize.
While Nobel literature is awarded to the author, 9 times the Academy has named the work when awarding it, namely:
Mikhail Sholokhov (Russia, 1965) – Calm East River (novel)
Ernest Hemingway (United States, 1954) – The Old Man and the Sea (novel)
Roger Martin Du Gard (France, 1937) – The Thibault Family (novel)
John Galsworthy (England, 1932) – History of the Forsyte family (novel)
Thomas Mann (Germany, 1929) – Buddenbrooks Family (novel)
Wladyslaw Reymont (Poland, 1924) – Farmer (novel)
Knut Hamsun (Norway, 1920) – The blessing of the land (novel)
Carl Spitteler (Switzerland, 1919) – Spring Olympia (school anthem)
Theodor Mommsen (Germany, 1902) – Roman History (historical collection)
When is the moment when Nobel literature is less “European heart”?
