BRUSSELS – From Stockholm to Athens and from Lisbon to Warsaw, European Union governments are gearing up to get a coronavirus vaccine this weekend, although cases are on the rise in some parts of the continent.
Blush’s Drug Authority, European Drug Agency, Pfizer-Bioentech approved the vaccine on Monday, opting for the logistics marathon, a move most officials in the field had not previously had to contend with.
The process of buying, approving and distributing shots across the European Union has been complex and politically charged, and the stakes cannot be high. The second wave of epidemics is still rampant in parts of the region, most Europeans are spending their holidays in some kind of lockdown, and the blockchain economy has been stripped.
To complicate matters further, many European countries are blocking travelers from Britain over the weekend in a highly contagious manner in England, although scientists say it has already reached the continent.
If the vaccine mission is successful, it can promote EU credentials, establish its administration as a real power with executive powers and capabilities that can carry out important functions on behalf of its members. If not, failure can lead to embarrassment and insecurity.
The Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine reviewed by the European Medicines Agency came under intense scrutiny for speed. With Britain approving the vaccine emergency weeks ago and then starting its inoculation program, the United States is still not far behind.
Finally, the European Agency decided to expedite the process, advancing the approval meeting, which was scheduled for December 29. The United States has also approved the vaccine from Moderna, but the European Agency will not consider an application for authorization until January 6, the company’s shots.
Now that the agency has authorized the Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine, the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union, expects a rubber stamp after Monday’s decision. It will be a green light for Pfizer to start distributing the vaccine across that region.
The commission assigns responsibility for this first load, as cargo from Belgium’s purse, and Pfizer’s shipments to Mainz in Germany, will most likely depart for European capitals on Thursday. The company, which refuses to answer detailed questions about transportation plans for safety reasons, will play an active role in the transportation and storage of vaccines in each country.
From that point on, each government of the 27 members of the bloc will be responsible for distributing vaccines to its population in a way that suits the needs, priorities and capabilities of its country.
The first European inoculation is expected on December 27, 28 and 29.
The pressure to get this right and so quickly is growing as the European Union and its members try a collective approach to the crucial node in the fight against the epidemic. Most countries have been more nationalist.
Discussions on the European approach have begun this summer with a decision to capitalize on negotiations and empower the European Commission and delegations from each member country to reach agreements with pharmaceutical companies working on vaccines.
It is being criticized that the European Union, like the United States, does not provide adequate doses of the Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine when given the opportunity. But from a financial point of view, it seems that this approach has benefited the blush: it pays less than the United States for the Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine.
In Germany, the decision to empower the European Commission to negotiate a deal has been criticized, with some arguing that the country would be better off going alone. But most block members are mediocre countries or smaller, and for them, approach means. (Just as the clock is ticking in Brexit, some may also see a strong political message here, showing the strength of unity.)
However, if the process has become uniform at this stage, the rollout will now begin to look quite different from country to country.
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Answers to your vaccine questions
U.S. With the distribution of the coronavirus vaccine in, here are the answers to some of the questions you may be wondering about:
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- If I were to travel to the U.S. If I live in, when can I get vaccinated? While the exact order of vaccine recipients may vary by state, most medical workers and residents of long-term care facilities will be placed first. If you want to understand how this decision is being made, this article will help.
- When can I get back to normal life after getting vaccinated? Life will return only when society has adequate protection against the whole coronavirus. Once countries have authorized the vaccine, they will be able to vaccinate only a few percent of their citizens in the first few months. The unqualified majority will still be susceptible to infection. Growing coronavirus vaccines are showing strong protection against getting sick. But it is also possible for people to spread the virus without being infected because they experience only mild symptoms or nothing at all. Scientists do not yet know whether the vaccine also inhibits the transmission of coronavirus. So, for now, vaccinated people will also need to wear masks, avoid home congestion, etc. Once enough people have been vaccinated, it will be very difficult to find people who are susceptible to coronavirus. Depending on how fast we as a society achieve that goal, in the fall of 2021 life may begin to come closer to something like normal.
- If I have been vaccinated, do I still need to wear a mask? Yes, but not forever. Here’s why. Coronavirus vaccines are injected deep into muscles and stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. This seems to be enough protection to protect the vaccinated person from the disease. But what is not clear is whether it is possible to get the virus out of the nose – and sneeze or inhale to infect others – as antibodies elsewhere in the body have accumulated to protect the vaccinated person from the disease. Vaccine clinical trials were created to determine whether vaccinated people are immune to the disease – not to find out if they can still spread coronavirus. Researchers also hope that vaccinated people will not spread the virus, based on flu vaccine studies and Kovid-19 infected patients, but more research is needed. In the meantime, everyone – even those vaccinated – needs to think of themselves as possible silence spreaders and continue to wear masks. Read more here.
- Will it hurt? What are the side effects? The Pfizer and Bioentech vaccines are given as a hand shot like other typical vaccines. The injection in your hand will not look different than any other vaccine, but the rate of short-lived side effects will be higher than the flu. Thousands of people have already received the vaccine, and none of them have reported serious health problems. Side effects, which look like symptoms of Covid-19, last about a day and appear more likely after the second dose. Preliminary reports of vaccine trials suggest that some people may need to take a day off from work, as they may feel dizzy after receiving another dose. In Pfizer’s study, about half the fatigue develops. Other side effects are seen in at least 25 to 33 percent of patients, sometimes with headaches, colds, and muscle aches. While these experiences are not pleasant, it is a good sign that your own immune system is mounting a strong response to the vaccine that will provide long-term immunity.
- Will the mRNA vaccine change my genes? No. Moderna and Pfizer vaccines use genetic molecules to minister to the immune system. That molecule, known as mRNA, is eventually destroyed by the body. The mRNA is packed in an oily bubble that can fuse the cell, causing the molecule to rub. Cells use mRNA to make proteins from coronaviruses, which can stimulate the immune system. At any given moment, each of our cells may contain thousands of mRNA molecules, which they produce to make their own proteins. Once it becomes a protein, our cells then cut the mRNA with special enzymes. The mRNA molecules that make up our cells can survive in just a few minutes. The mRNA in vaccines is engineered to allow the cell’s enzymes to survive a little longer, so that the cells can make additional virus proteins and ask for a stronger immune response. But mRNA can only survive a few days before it is destroyed.
Germany plans to start vaccinating people over the age of 0 and others who live in care homes. One or two days after the December, 5,000 dose. The first vaccinations are planned by teams of doctors visiting nursing homes. In the first week of January, hundreds of immunization centers set up in halls, gyms and theaters will open.
For many Germans, it was difficult to see a vaccine approved by their own citizens being approved, and Britain began to schedule its arrival in its own country weeks in advance.
But the country’s health minister, Jens Spa, has pushed against the criticism.
“It gives a lot of confidence and responsibility in Europe that we are doing this together,” Mr Schne told reporters last week. “We are stronger than I am,” he said.
France, the region’s second-largest economy, will also start shots by the end of the month. But officials there faced one more challenge: vaccine suspicion. A recent poll suggests that only 41 percent of those surveyed are planning to take an injection.
Italy and Spain, the two most affected European countries, are also moving fast, with at least the most vulnerable people vaccinated by the end of this month. Wholesale will begin in January.
It is not lost on health officials across Europe that the first vaccination could take a symbolic value in a campaign to increase the tedious and sometimes skeptical population.
In Greece, the inoculation drive by a government eager to win over reluctant citizens is called Operation Operation Freedom. There is a recent opinion poll suggesting that three out of 10 Greeks do not intend to be vaccinated, citing concerns about efficacy and safety, with another three out of 10 saying they are suspicious.
In Italy, the first person to be vaccinated there will be “a nurse and also a woman – just like in New York,” Alessio D’Amato, the top health care officer in the Lazio region, told the Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera.
So far, no EU country has announced plans to make the vaccine mandatory.
And while most people are under pressure to be vaccinated at the very least, experts warn that officials should not move too fast, especially if they do not trust the infrastructure of their countries.
Adviser to the European Medicines Agency Prof. of the University of Namur in Belgium. The best approach, especially if logistics are a concern, is to walk slowly and steadily, said Jean-Michel Dagny.
“Nothing can go wrong without vaccinating someone, for which we cannot guarantee quality,” he said.
The biggest challenge for any country will be to track the temperature of the Pfizer-Bioentech vaccine during its journey from factory to injection, said Professor Doug.
The inoculation campaign will move vigorously in the European Union in the first quarter of 2021, and most governments hope to have their population vaccinated by June.
Pfizer and the European Commission say they are working on a specific schedule for future vaccine delivery but did not give details. Improving production is a challenge for the company, which serves multiple customers, and European governments have expressed concern that supply will become difficult.
Professor Doug said there was more reason to make it right and to make sure none of the precious doses were disrupted.
“This is an unprecedented operation,” he said. “We shouldn’t waste a single drop.”
Reporting was contributed by Melissa Eddy of Berlin; Ure Relin Briden from Paris; Emma Bubola from Rome; Monica Pronkzuk from Warsaw; Nikki Kitsantonis from Athens; And Rafael Minder from Madrid.