Ask any dermatologist: The fact that we need to use sunscreen is not in dispute. But finding the best sunscreen is not easy: There is a reason why people hate things. Sunscreen has a bad reputation for being chalky, greasy, and generally annoying. Add the fact that the FDA is currently investigating the safety of common sunscreen ingredients (more on that below), and it makes the task of choosing an effective sunscreen that looks and feels good even more complicated.
However, the good news is that the latest generation of formulas will change the way you feel about immobilization. We know why we asked dermatologists to recommend the FPS they swear by, then our editors tested those formulas to see which ones meet our extremely demanding criteria. But before we get started with our sunscreen reviews, here is everything you should consider to find the best sunscreen for you.
What is the difference between chemical and physical sunscreen?
There are two types of sunscreen formulas: minerals (also known as “physical blockers”) and chemicals. Although they both protect their skin from the sun, the way they do it scientifically is very different.
“Sunscreens (or physical sunscreens) work by sitting on the skin to reflect UV rays, while chemical sunscreens sink into the skin to absorb UV rays and convert them to heat,” says Dr. Shereene Idriss , a dermatologist in New York City. Chemical sunscreens also often include antioxidants that break down free radicals, which cause damage from UV rays, and reduce damage to skin cells.
In addition to the “sunscreen” and “sunscreen” label, you can find out what kind of protection you are getting by taking a look at the ingredient label. If you see the ingredients titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, you are dealing with a physical sunscreen. Derms says that mineral blocks tend to be less irritating to sensitive skin. They also work right away and don’t require any downtime before you can get out in the sun (chemical sunscreens, meanwhile, take about 20 to 30 minutes to start working properly). Physical blockers also tend to be thicker and more difficult to rub.
Chemical formulas have a history of being easier to use as they are the easiest formula to apply and leave less white tint. But in May 2019, the FDA proposed new regulations for chemical sunscreens due to growing safety concerns. Of the 16 currently approved sunscreen ingredients brands can use, the only two considered officially safe were physical blockers, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. In the meantime, Paba and trolamine salicylate they were considered unsafe. The FDA requested more investigation into the other 12, which are generally found in chemical sunscreens.
In January 2020, the FDA shared the results of a clinical study showing six of these ingredients:avobenzone, oxybenzone, octocrylene, homosalate, octisalate and octinoxate: Enter the bloodstream after an application, which could be associated with long-term health problems. Environmentalists have also had problems with chemical sunscreens, and have found that the ingredients oxybenzone and octinoxate they are detrimental to coral reefs. Sunscreens with these ingredients will be officially banned in Hawaii starting in 2021.
What level of SPF do dermatologists recommend?
“I recommend a minimum of SPF 30 per day,” says Idriss, which is based on the recommendation of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). However, just as the formula is not one size fits all, you should also consider your concerns when selecting your SPF level. “SPF 15 blocks 93% of UVB, while SPF 30 blocks 97% and SPF 50 blocks 98%,” she says. “While this increase may seem like a negligible gain in protection, if you’re prone to sunburn or skin cancers, that small gain can make a big difference.”
It is also important to consider how much you are applying. According to the AAD, most people only apply 25% to 50% of the recommended amount of sunscreen. The general rule of thumb is to use at least one ounce, or enough to fill a shot glass, to cover your entire body.
How long does sunscreen last?
“The FDA guidelines require that the SPF instructions be applied every two hours when you are outdoors,” says Loretta Ciraldo, MD FAAD, a dermatologist in Miami. “Remember that the AAD recommends a threefold approach to sunscreen that includes wearing sunscreen, as well as trying to avoid sun exposure during the peak hours of 10 am to 3 pm daily.”
While waterproof options are great for swimming or sports, it’s worth noting that the FDA requires that these formulas only be labeled as water and sweat resistant for up to 80 minutes. Because of this, Idriss recommends reapplying immediately after leaving the water.
What is the best sunscreen?
“The most important factor is that you will use SPF regularly,” says Ciraldo, who consolidates the derm stance on sunscreen: the best sunscreen for you is the one you will actually use. Here are the sunscreens. Glamor the editors say I did not disappoint them.
