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Switzerland and people with a migrant background: current figures
Mainly people with a migrant background work in construction. Image: keystone
In 2019, 2,722 million residents of Switzerland had a migrant background, or about 38 percent. The previous year, the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) counted 2,686 million such people, that is, only 36,000 or 1.34 percent less.
More than 80 percent of the population with a migratory background was born abroad and belongs to the first generation (2,202 million people). All the others were born in Switzerland and belong to the second generation (520,000 people).
36 percent of people with a migrant background are Swiss. For the rest, Italian and German citizenship are the most common with 10 percent each. Of the first generation of immigrants, almost 50 percent come from EU or EFTA countries and 11 percent from other European countries. Other countries of origin also account for 11 percent.
In the second generation, more than two-thirds are Swiss, a quarter are from the EU or EFTA, 8 percent from other European countries and only 1 percent from outside Europe.
Disadvantage for 1st generation immigrants
First-generation immigrants are less well integrated into the labor market than second-generation immigrants and, clearly, like those with no immigration background. For example, the unemployment rate for first-generation immigrants is 7.3 percent, almost three times that of Swiss with no immigration history. In the case of the second and higher generation of migration, it is “only” 6.3 per cent compared to 2.5 per cent of the Swiss with no migration background.
The children and grandchildren of immigrants in only some, but not all, aspects of their work are worse off than residents with Swiss roots. In general, one should not generalize, warns the FSO: “The migratory situation is by no means the only explanatory factor for the differences found between these population groups. Other variables such as age or educational level may also influence ”.
Foreigners make the capes unpopular
The descendants of immigrants born in Switzerland are only 1-2 percentage points more likely to be overqualified for their position than Swiss with no immigration history. Of the first-generation immigrants, on the other hand, almost ten percent more work than the genuinely below-educated locals.
It is very similar with so-called atypical work hours: here, members of the second generation of immigrants work nights, Sundays, or on hold less often than people with no immigration history. But their parents or grandparents, first-generation immigrants, make these unpopular changes about a fifth more often than people with no immigration history.
At the managerial level there were hardly any differences between residents and foreigners
In the case of employees with management functions, the differences between residents and foreigners are only smaller: professionals with no immigration background have a share of 34.7 in these positions, first-generation immigrants a share of 32.3 and second or higher 32.6.
According to the latest FSO figures, significant differences can be observed in the countries of origin. Professionals from Northern and Western Europe have a management quota of more than 40 percent, for Southwest Europeans 31.6, for Eastern and Southeast Europeans 25.8 and for immigrants from other countries the rate it is 24.8 percent.
Development of population quotas
In the last 15 years, the proportion of people with no immigration history in Switzerland has decreased by 10 percentage points, from 70 to 60 percent. The proportion of first generation immigrants increased in the same period from 23 to 31 percent, that of the second generation with a migratory background from 5 to 7 percent. Immigration status cannot be determined for 1-2 percent of the population. (aeg / sda)
