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Business meetings, meetings and work schedules. If we don’t know if it’s summer or winter, we may be running out of time. But then why do we change the time twice a year? Why do these changes vary from country to country? And because?
The notion of changing the weather according to the behavior of the Sun is an old one. The Romans, for example, counted time to continually adjust it to the Astro-King’s behavior. But the current concepts of summer and winter time are a relatively new invention.
It was in 1895 that New Zealand scientist George Hudson submitted a thesis to the Wellington Philosophical Society, in which he suggested a system of “seasonal temporal adjustment,” according to his official biography. Initially ridiculed, when New Zealand adopted the system in 1927, Hudson received a medal, which would take another seven years to reach his hands.
It didn’t take long for Hudson’s ideas to take effect elsewhere. Records on the timeanddate website reveal that it was June 1908 that the first experiment with New Zealander “seasonal time adjustment” occurred. It happened in Port Arthur, Ontario, Canada. The first country to adopt the measure was Austria, in 1916.
The Austrian example was followed by the United Kingdom, France and others, with the United States joining this group in 1918, largely because of the First World War, as was the case with the first countries to adopt this system. At the time, the idea was to get more hours of productive work while at the same time saving fuel, a valuable resource in times of war.
Many countries stopped using this time system after the war, but the British kept it, making it official in 1925 and calling it British Daylight Saving Time (BST). In the United States, the system was renewed in 1942, again due to the war. Until 1966, states could decide whether to implement the measure or not, but then the Uniform Time Act was implemented and all states joined, with the exception of Hawaii and Arizona.
Even today, the use of DST (Daylight Savings Time, in English) is controversial, with its detractors pointing out the problems that the change of schedule generates, both personally and for companies and the entire logistics chain, as an organization both of workers and supplies. For this reason, 172 countries still do not recognize the usefulness of this system and consequently do not use it.
Among those who adopted the system, the largest discrepancies in time change dates are explained by the simple fact that summer is different in the northern and southern hemispheres. Furthermore, it has everything to do with what different governments have decided is in their best interest.
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