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The Thrashic philosophy, launched by Anton Saadeh through his numerous writings, is the philosophy of the new order that aimed to achieve the natural unity of Syria and achieve its national social status. And while the liberal philosophy established by the philosophers of the capitalist West, which opened wide the door to political freedom, which includes freedom of belief, freedom of expression, freedom of artistic creativity and freedom of scientific investigation, without guarantees in the achievement of social freedom that concerns economic justice, then socialist philosophy, that Its foundations were established by Karl Marx, achieving economic justice without politics Both philosophies started from the point of view of the happiness of two minors in ensuring the conditions of political and social justice together.
Faced with this reality, Saadeh presented his philosophy of Dhrahi, which aims to achieve political and social justice, for which he established its basic pillars and social values.
Al-Madrahiyya is a term coined by Saadeh from the terms matter and spirit, since its substance is a human being made up of bodies that are a series of some elements, which is the natural environment with its geography, its atmosphere and its natural treasures. As for the soul, it is a construction based on the two basic articles mentioned from successive cultures that distinguish one nation from others.
The main pillars
Dramatic philosophy is formed from philosophical foundations and social values, in particular:
Saadeh has defined the goal of social belief by saying: “We define creed as a social nationalism, because it is national because it says about the nation and national loyalty, and it is social because its goal is to find human society, its truth, growth and his optimal life, and the community in general is the nation, and that is why he came in his teachings: “One nation, one community.”
And the fact that it counted man as a being of needs, because basically it is distinguished from other creatures by the fact that its needs are subject to development and reproduction, and by the fact that satisfying its needs requires the establishment of a movement dialectic between man and nature to ensure their needs, so he considers it the only historical object, since human history is the history of the interaction of man with nature to ensure their needs. In constant evolution and by virtue of the human capacity to get out of its relationship with nature from the direct level to the level of interaction.
And he believed that religion in its origin is not nationalistic and contrary to nationalism and the formation of the nation, because it is human and has a universal character. However, we find in human societies a tendency to acquire pigments, colors and tastes of general beliefs from the peculiarities of their characters, so that every society must see its psyche and its private affairs in its beliefs and doctrines, and the reality is that religion is one.
But nations are numerous, and as nations interact with each other, each adheres to every belief or belief, whether religious or non-religious, to preserve its spiritual independence, thus not submitting to another nation through religious spiritual authority and therefore Scotland remained Catholic in order to preserve its national character and not dissolve in England. Therefore, the Persians turned to Shi’ism to shed control of Umayyad Syria.
Saadeh decided that the interest of society is above the interest of the individual, and has restricted all the philosophical foundations of the work to the interest of the people. It is not considered that the people allow themselves to be guided by calls for principles that serve interests other than their own interests, since the life of the nations is a real life that allows the creation of a national rebirth in the Syrian homeland. It represents the interest and will of the Syrian nation in life, as Syria represents to Syrians their social personality, talents, optimal life and their perspective on life, the universe and art, as well as their honor, pride and destiny. , so the happiness of the Syrian nation is above all individual consideration.
He believes that wars have existed since ancient times, and will remain as long as the human community is not humanity united, because human reality is the reality of societies, the reality of nations that collide and quarrel with the resources of life, They fight and show their talents and qualifications to remain ensuring their safety and the safety of their goals before ensuring peace. Man and his purposes must start from the base of this knowledge, of the understanding of human reality and the understanding of the history of races, nations and civilizations.
And the State according to happiness is a purely cultural matter because its function, from a modern point of view, is to take care of the politics of society, and to fix penal relations in the form of a system that means rights and duties, either by custom or custom in the origin, or conquest and despotism, then it is a purely political issue and yet it is not a non-social issue like that the state does not exist except in society, just as politics does not exist without encounter.
Therefore, Saadeh called for separating religion from states to separate religion from evils and deficiencies, and in his appeal he does not intend to separate religion from society because he believes that religion honors, enhances and promotes social life, and it is a call that arises from the feeling that the Syrian political community needs it.
By rejecting the religious happiness of the State because it is intrinsically weak, because it does not equate the followers of its religious doctrine with the followers of other religions, and because it oppresses them, dissonance will inevitably be the owner of the situation, since it cannot embody equality among citizens.
His Excellency considered that the Arab world has taken the path of conferences and alliances, which are the only practical way for Arab nations to cooperate and establish an Arab front, but national sovereignty must be preserved in all alliances. The establishment of an Arab front is a happy invitation to the Arab nations interested in the matter. Joint conference.
These philosophical foundations of theatricality came in the book “The Philosophy of the New Order”, edited by “Dar Abaad”, by Dr. Osama Samaan, where the reader can find a broad explanation of all these philosophical contents that pose solutions to problems that we live, so that we can move to progress. And evolution.
As for the values of drama, they are embodied in the following: freedom and truth, freedom and expressive democracy, social freedom, duty, order, power, truth, goodness and beauty (axiology), ethics and knowledge, which we will address in another article .
* Lebanese writer
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