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The United States of America and the entire world await the results of the presidential elections in the American states, which may be the most important in the history of the great powers.
November 3 of this year falls on the Tuesday following the first Monday in November, which is the scheduled date for the United States Senate, Congressional and Presidential elections, and several local state elections, as President Donald Trump and the Democratic candidate Joe Biden running for the House. the target.
At a time when the race to the White House is witnessing a record, starting with the number of early voting participants to spending on political ads, Americans are heading to the polls tomorrow, in light of the outbreak of the emerging Corona virus.
Survey in the time of Corona
230 million Americans have the right to vote in the presidential elections, and a record percentage of them are expected to participate in the 2020 elections, and what reinforces this theory is that early voting rates exceeded the figures recorded in previous rounds, as many voters preferred to fill out their ballots early to avoid running. Long lines on Election Day, amid the Coronavirus outbreak.
Experts expected the turnout to easily exceed 138 million votes, which the 2016 elections managed to attract, according to the agency “Reuters”.
Problems and challenges
The challenges facing this year’s presidential elections are much more dangerous than in years past, as they are occurring in exceptional circumstances the country has never seen before, and it goes beyond the issue of counting votes in the mail, which Trump considered a facilitator of fraud, but rather the crisis of the Corona outbreak that the country did not unravel. And the incident of the murder of black George Floyd and the resulting mass demonstrations were interspersed with acts of violence.
Election officials also received suspicious emails that appear to be part of a large-scale multi-state campaign, amid a lack of massive deployment of law enforcement personnel in some states, so as not to intimidate voters, according to the “Wall Street Journal “. This is considered the biggest additional challenge and is related to President Trump’s position on the voting results, who has previously hinted at legal challenges.
The US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) warned against Iran against US government websites, including election sites.
The warning said that Iran is trying to influence and interfere in the US elections, spreading propaganda and targeting US electoral sites on the Internet.
“An Iranian group is creating fake media sites and spoofing media sites to spread anti-American propaganda and misleading information about voter suppression,” he said.
Early voting
Almost all states received more early votes than in the 2016 presidential election, with more than 93.8 million Americans already casting their ballots, far more than four years ago when 58.8 million people cast their vote early. or by mail, he says. The Wall Street Journal.
In the 20 states that provide party-related registration data, 19.9 million registered Democrats have already voted, compared with 13 million Republicans and 10.1 million with no party affiliation. The data does not show who was voted for.
Delay in announcing results
The high turnout in early voting is expected to cause a delay in the announcement of the results, as the processing of vote-by-mail ballots generally takes longer than direct ballots, considering that several states have amended its laws to carry out the counting and classification 22 days before the elections.
But other states like Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, all of which are swing states between Republicans and Democrats, will not classify postal documents before Election Day, and as a result, it can take days to figure out who wins in those states.
In this context, election officials and academic researchers, including the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law, have stated that there is no evidence of widespread mail fraud or any type of voting in recent US elections. as all states offer voters the ability to verify the status of their vote-by-mail ballots. Mail ballot processing is time consuming and may involve a combination of electronic selection and manual steps.
Who do Americans vote for?
The winner is not considered the one who obtains the highest number of votes, since the president of the United States is not elected directly from the voters, but through a unique mechanism at the national level, which is the Electoral College, in which Americans vote for the 538 voters who elect the president.
To win the elections, the candidate must obtain an absolute majority of the electoral college votes, resulting in the decisive number 270, which is half plus one of the electoral college.
Critical states
The road to the White House requires winning 270 of the 538 electoral votes, but the decisive votes will likely come from 13 states, all of which constitute the electoral battleground, since those 187 electoral votes are expected from 11 states, in addition to two. districts. In Congress, each of them is granted an electoral vote, which will be victorious after the votes are counted.
The states are: Florida, Georgia, Iowa, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Arizona, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. Electoral districts are located in Maine and Nebraska. Outside of this group, there are two other states that need to be watched: Minnesota and New Hampshire, as Trump made efforts to overthrow the states that supported Hillary Clinton four years ago.
Congress seats
In addition to voting for the president, millions of American voters will also elect members of Congress. 35 seats in the Senate and 435 seats in the House of Representatives will be contested.
Democrats now control the House of Representatives, a feature they are unlikely to lose this time, according to experts.
Campaign spending
As for the electoral campaigns for 2020, the presidential candidates spent 6.6 billion dollars, two billion dollars more than what was spent in the previous elections four years ago, according to a study carried out by the Center “Response Policy.”
Biden’s campaign stood out in this regard, flooding broadcasters in major states with political ads.
In total, more than $ 14 billion was spent in the run-up to the November 3 election, of which more than $ 7 billion was allocated to the Congressional elections.
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