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With the increasing frequency of promising news about the long-awaited Coronavirus vaccine, as more than one party announced that it is close to producing it, the World Health Organization is still cautious in optimism on this matter that the The world has been waiting for months.
A warning confirmed by the Director General of the Organization, stating that he did not expect a large-scale effective vaccine “before the middle of next year”.
This announcement seems relatively disappointing after heightened expectations and announcements about vaccine availability before the end of the year, but there are many challenges facing the process of making a safe and effective vaccine, the most important of which are related to ensure the safety of its use among humans. The vaccine may be effective in animals, but it does not prevent infection in humans, as did several SARS vaccines.
In addition to the need to allow the vaccine to provide long-term protection to people, it turns out that the Corona virus can infect the same person a few months after the first infection.
One of the other most important challenges facing the Corona vaccine is the possibility of protecting people in the oldest age groups, which are the most vulnerable groups against the virus, who tend to be the least responsive to vaccines.
For the vaccine to demonstrate its efficacy and safety, it must first pass its experimental phase in animals, which are tests that follow strict laboratory guidelines and usually take between three and six months.
Subsequently, the clinical trial stage begins, which consists of 3 stages, where the first stage is dedicated to evaluating the safety of the vaccine in terms of use in humans.
During the second phase, the composition and dose of the vaccine are decided to ensure its effectiveness.
As for the third stage, it is necessary to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in a larger group of people.
Steps that global laboratories are close to achieving in their battle with the Corona virus, today there are 9 vaccines around the world that have entered the final stage of testing, while the world continues to wait.
As for the most prominent vaccines that are currently being worked on, we review them as follows:
Russian vaccine.
The researchers say that “Sputnik-V” gives initial encouraging results. It produced an immune response and did not cause side effects.
Chinese vaccine.
“Sinopharma” will be ready for public use by the end of 2020, according to company statements, and will be available at a cost of $ 144 for the two doses.
French Sanofi vaccine.
The cost of a possible vaccine dose is less than € 10
The vaccine in the United States.
Moderna has priced its experimental vaccine at $ 37 per dose
Pfizer and its partner, BioN Tech, have reported amounts sufficient to immunize 50 million Americans
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