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The Moroccan researcher points out that the body references in the novel are political, historical and cultural. In this way, it illuminates forms of historical torment of the body, whether individual or collective. When reading the body politic, it refers to the duality of arrest and freedom, followed by kidnapping and emancipation, then rape and rebellion, referring to “a declared body versus a secret body”, leading to its annihilation and its disappearance, while the cultural body is represented by the view of the female body from its body and the view of the male body from its body. Then they encountered “symbolic inferiority / castration” as a consequence of the inability to achieve a correspondence between the male body and the world. This is what made him go from “solidity to fading”, and the historical body is represented by the trilogy of “dominance, resistance and disappearance”. A wide range of texts ranging from Ibrahim al-Mazni (Ibrahim al-Katib), through Naguib Mahfouz (beginning and end), Muhammad Barada (contiguous lives), al-Tayyib Salih (Northward migration season), Alawiyyah Subuh (Dunya) and Zahoor Karam (body and city), Afaf Al-Batayneh (Outside the body), in addition to other texts, imaginatively closes the circle on the variations of the body.
The body politic, first tortured, and secondly the rebel, in all its classes, appears in the novels “My torture” by Bensalem Hamish and “El Taliani”, by Shukri Al-Mabkhout. In the second novel in particular, we will fall into multiple synonyms of violence such as rape, pain and pleasure, depending on the situations faced by the characters in the novel: “The rebellion of the male body is achieved through imperfection and the search for plenitude, and the transformation of excess pleasure into excess of misery ”, while the female body rebels by declaring a break with the male thought that tried to impose its tutelage on it. The author of “Two Bodies Burning” indicates that the realistic novel is almost devoid of the intensity of emotions and emotions, by opening to the outside with its problems and transformations, which made the body assimilate as part of a social situation and psychological, while the new novel went from “blocking the body to revealing it in its entirety.” And pass it from “emotion to consciousness”. In Alawite Subh’s novel “Dunya” the narrative revolves around the functioning of memory and the subordination of sensory perception to physical experience, and the alertness of the senses, before joy and tranquility are turn into a state of helplessness and weakness, pleasure into bitterness and tenderness into violence, dismantling the congruence between the female and male bodies, ending in “Breaking the common domain.” From another place, the novel “Body and city” by Zahoor Kram comes as a model of imbalance after congruence with the world. Most of the characters in the novel end up in broken bodies, lost and defeated due to external confusion. When reading the linguistic medium as a lever for the presence of the body, We recognize a lustful body and an authoritarian body, depending on the course of the specific language or the possibility based on the physicality of the encounter on the one hand, and the physical hesitation on the other. the representation of the body investing in memory, we find it in the novel “Contiguous lives” by Muhammad Barada, as it explains the conditions of the erotic body from pleasure to pain, investing in various methods that require recovery, intentional awareness and the iconic composition (from images to language), to the representation of the authoritarian body in order and absurdity. . Regarding the cultural body, the subjective view of it implies a loss of freedom in the first place, and if the female body is described as “sedition, pleasure and desire”, it is surrounded by norms that stripped it, which must be hidden by the clothing and hidden from view. We follow the narratives of Afaf Al-Batayneh in “Outside the Body” as a model for the movement of the body between open space and closed space. Freedom of movement, running, controlling the movement of the body and chaining it to the limit of its paralysis, taking it to stillness and silence. And as soon as he rebels against these inherited constraints, he will be subjected to male punishment in the duality of resistance and punishment. The male consciousness of his body is achieved in relation to the female body through the perspectives of “virility, castration and balance”.
The tormented body politic comes first, the rebel second
In another chapter, the researcher seeks to monitor the historical representation of the body in its individual and collective form by controlling the frequencies of this duality. Here he reveals the personality of Gretord Bell in Shaker Nuri’s novel “The Khatoon of Baghdad”, as an individual image of the presence of the private body in its transformations from strength to fading: “The decline of the body, the disappearance of internal cohesion , the loss of power and the absence of emotional support, axes that have cooperated with each other to restore Shaping the body of Miss Bell by moving it from a rigid position to one that vanishes. ”The orientalist gaze will dominate the collective body from a transcendent perspective vis-à-vis the other as a backward body compared to the colonial body, according to Edward Said’s reading of Orientalism. Understand the nature of Egyptian society and impose its enlightening identity by forcing the collective body to adopt its ideas and to submit to and obey the decisions of the colonial establishment, but this underestimation of the Egyptian collective body ended in a struggle between the purity of the first and the impurity of the second, which led to their resistance.
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