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The largest vaccination operation in history has begun. On day 2, the UK approved the use of the new coronavirus vaccine developed by Pfizer in the US and Biontech in Germany for the first time in the world. The United States is likely to soon approve the same vaccine and America’s Modern vaccine.
By the end of 2020, tens of millions of people around the world may have been vaccinated with the new Crown. Billions more will be added next year.
Bloomberg monitors each country’s purchase contracts and vaccination status for the nine most promising candidate vaccines in the world. By our calculations, at least 7.85 billion doses have already been assigned.
Many vaccines require two doses, but the allotted portion, if distributed fairly, is enough to reach half the world’s total population. However, this is unlikely. Rich countries have secured a host of supply contracts just in case. Furthermore, the need to store at ultra-low temperatures makes it difficult to transport some vaccines to remote locations.
Some countries follow our path. China and Russia approved the vaccine in July before the trial was completed. A total of five vaccines, including these, are currently available in three countries.
Countries that want to emerge from the worst pandemic of the last century have signed vaccination contracts. AstraZeneca’s vaccine, which requires two doses, is pre-purchased for 1.48 billion people, more than any other vaccine candidate.
There are several strategies to secure vaccines. The United States is a single contract, but dozens of countries will be supplied through the “COVAX” joint purchasing framework, led by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, with the help of Mexican millionaire Carlos Slim, most Central and South American countries are expected to receive the vaccine at a relatively low price.
Bloomberg is aware of more than 80 vaccine supply contracts. This includes only contracts with the vaccine manufacturer that clarify how many doses will be supplied and which countries are likely to receive the supply. Billions of vaccines are expected to be produced outside of these contracts. India, which makes 2.2 billion productions, plans to supply it to other countries as well.
The new corona vaccine is about to hit the market at record speed, shortening the development period, which would normally take years. One of the factors that made this possible is the financing of rich countries like the United States. The US administration’s “Operation Warp Speed” financially supported the development and production of six new vaccines.
Wealth has put these countries at the forefront of vaccine procurement. In some countries, supply contracts are made with various manufacturers as hedges. Canada has obtained 246 million doses of vaccines from six companies for its 38 million people. This is the number excluding the amount through COVAX.
Russia and China have no such contract and depend on domestically produced vaccines. Russia plans to use “Sputnik V” developed by the National Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and China plans to use a vaccine developed by the Chinese state pharmaceutical group (Sinofarm). China has not disclosed how many batches the government has ordered from various domestic manufacturers, but these manufacturers are expected to provide the required quantity to the public.
The new Corona is still in full swing. At least 1.5 million people have died worldwide since the outbreak began, and the number of new infections and deaths has repeatedly reached its highest level in the United States in recent weeks.
The best way to end a pandemic is with an effective vaccine. A series of processes, including distribution to get enough people vaccinated to stop the spread of the infection, will be one of the greatest challenges in history.
Original title:Tracking coronavirus vaccines that will end the pandemic （抜 粋）
