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Apple has announced the “iPhone 12”, “iPhone 12 mini”, “iPhone 12 Pro” and “iPhone 12 Pro Max”. All models are 5G compliant, and for the United States it also supports advanced 5G called “millimeter wave”. However, the Japan model does not support millimeter waves.
Explaining “What is a millimeter wave”, there are two types of frequencies used in 5G, “Sub6” and “millimeter wave”. “Sub6” is suitable for covering a wide area with moderate communication speed (higher than 4G), and “millimeter wave” is suitable for developing ultra-high-speed communication at points. I’ll explain it more specifically at the bottom.
Refers to a relatively low frequency band below 6 GHz. It can be used as an extension of the frequency used in 4G and is suitable for covering a wide area. In Japan, the “4.5GHz band” and the “3.7GHz band” can be used, with Docomo and KDDI assigned a width of 200MHz respectively, and Softbank and Rakuten are assigned a width of 100MHz respectively.
It refers to the band from 30 GHz to 300 GHz. However, it is not a strict division, and the 28 GHz band used for 5G in Japan is also called a millimeter wave.
The characteristic is that the frequency is higher than that of the “Sub 6” mentioned above. The higher the frequency of the radio waves, the easier it is to go in a straight line and the weaker the property of wrapping itself in the shadow of obstacles. Also, it is easily attenuated by atmospheric water vapor and rain, and is not suitable for applications covering a wide area.
On the other hand, it has the advantage of ensuring a large bandwidth and, in Japan, a width of 400 MHz is assigned to each of the four operators (NTT Docomo, KDDI, Softbank, Rakuten). The higher the bandwidth, the more communication capacity can be ensured, making it suitable for applications that cover congested areas in one location, such as in the city center.
At the moment, most 5G areas in Japan are “Sub6”, and there are no situations where, even if it doesn’t support “millimeter waves”, there are no problems. That said, it’s a bit disappointing that we can’t take advantage of the ever-expanding millimeter wave area given the ever-longer iPhone replacement cycle.
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